{"datasetrec":{"DasID":5331,"Acronym":null,"StandardTitle":"Blue Whale Study aerial surveys, southern Australia, 2007-2012","OrigTitle":null,"OrigTitleLangID":null,"OrigTitleLangCode":null,"OrigTitleLang":null,"OrigTitleLangNL":null,"VersionName":null,"ContactEmail":null,"VersionDate":null,"VersionDay":null,"VersionMonth":null,"VersionYear":null,"SizeReference":null,"EngAbstract":"Wind-forced cold water upwelling occurs seasonally along the continental shelf of south-east Australia, where pygmy blue whales aggregate to forage. Seasonality and variability are apparent for both blue whale encounter rates and upwelling, within and between seasons. Here we quantify upwelling variability over 11 seasons (2001/02 to 2011/12) and relate it to blue whale encounter rates.","EngDescr":"Two indices, cumulative wind stress (Intensity) quantifying physical forcing, and surface chlorophyll-a (chl-a) quantifying the ocean’s biological response, revealed variability in upwelling at a variety of temporal scales. Within seasons, upwelling Intensity peaked during February, and chl-a during February–March. Blue whale encounter rate from 52 aerial surveys was modelled against upwelling indices and the climate signal SAM (Southern Annular Mode), at individual survey- and aggregated season-levels, using General Additive Models (GAMs). Survey-level GAMs showed that encounter rate increased with increasing chl-a, and with increasing upwelling Intensity to a point beyond which further increases in Intensity resulted in declining encounter rates. This indicated the importance of productivity, as well as relaxation of upwelling, in producing optimal blue whale foraging conditions. In exploratory season-level models, a strong influence of SAM was apparent, with higher encounter rates associated with positive SAM during the preceding 12 months. Including chl-a improved the model, indicating that both broad-scale climatic signals inherently incorporating environmental variability and uncertainty, as well as more proximal regional factors may influence blue whale occurrence in the study area. Measuring the complex relationships between whale occurrence and upwelling is complicated by the fact that the population of blue whales using the Bonney Upwelling is open, and moves between alternate foraging areas. The findings were interpreted in the context of blue whale foraging ecology in this system.","OrigAbstract":null,"OrigDescr":null,"Comments":null,"ReleaseDate":null,"ReleaseDate0":null,"OrigDescrLang":null,"EmbargoDate":null,"OrigDescrLangNL":null,"OrigLangCode":null,"OrigLangCodeExtended":null,"OrigLangID":null,"DescrCompFlag":0,"DescrTransFlag":0,"Citation":"Gill P. 2015. Blue Whale Study aerial surveys, southern Australia, 2007-2012. Data downloaded from OBIS-SEAMAP (http://seamap.env.duke.edu/dataset/1281) on yyyy-mm-dd.","AccessConstraints":null,"UDate":"2016-05-31","CDate":"2016-05-26","CurrencyDate":null,"RevisionDate":null,"DateLastModified":{"date":"2026-05-14 01:44:00.153333","timezone_type":1,"timezone":"+02:00"},"CheckedFlag":0,"PublicFlag":1,"VlizCoreFlag":1,"MarineFlag":1,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"StatusID":1,"DasType":"Data","DasTypeID":1,"DasOrigin":"Monitoring: field survey","Progress":"Completed","AccessConstraint":"Attribution (CC BY)","AccConstrEN":"Attribution (CC BY)","AccConstrDisplay":"\"Creative This dataset is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.","License":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","AccConstrDescription":"This license lets others distribute, remix, tweak, and build upon your work, even commercially, as long as they credit you for the original creation. This is the most accommodating of licenses offered. Recommended for maximum dissemination and use of licensed materials.","Lineage":null,"AccConID":21},"dois":null,"spcols":null,"keywords":[{"ThesaurusTerm":"Aerial surveys","ThesTypID":1,"ThesType":"ASFA Thesaurus List","Code":null,"Description":null,"OrigThesTerm":"Aerial surveys","DutchTerm":null,"URI":null,"DasKeywordDescr":null},{"ThesaurusTerm":"ISW, Australia, South Australia","ThesTypID":34,"ThesType":"ASFA Geoterms","Code":null,"Description":null,"OrigThesTerm":"ISW, Australia, South Australia","DutchTerm":null,"URI":null,"DasKeywordDescr":null}],"parents":null,"children":null,"othrel":null,"othrelrev":[{"DasID":1865,"Acronym":"OBIS-SEAMAP","StandardTitle":"Spatial Ecological Analysis of Megavertebrate Populations","Relation":"Published dataset","RelationY":"Published in","RelID":13,"doi":null,"vlizDoi":null}],"ownerships":[{"OrderNr":1,"Surname":"Gill","Firstname":"Peter","Initials":"P.","PerPublicFlag":1,"AdrID":157789,"Email":"pete@bluewhalestudy.org","InsPublicFlag":1,"Acronym":null,"OrigNameLangCode":null,"OrigNameLangID":null,"FullOrigName":null,"InsOwnerCNT":2,"PersID":31054,"InsID":13431,"FullInstitute":"Blue Whale Study Inc","RoleID":24,"Role":"Contact","OrigName":null,"StandardName":"Blue Whale Study Inc","FullAcronym":null,"ORC":null,"ROR":null},{"OrderNr":2,"Surname":"Gill","Firstname":"Peter","Initials":"P.","PerPublicFlag":1,"AdrID":157789,"Email":"pete@bluewhalestudy.org","InsPublicFlag":1,"Acronym":null,"OrigNameLangCode":null,"OrigNameLangID":null,"FullOrigName":null,"InsOwnerCNT":2,"PersID":31054,"InsID":13431,"FullInstitute":"Blue Whale Study Inc","RoleID":61,"Role":"Data creator","OrigName":null,"StandardName":"Blue Whale Study Inc","FullAcronym":null,"ORC":null,"ROR":null}],"taxterms":[{"DasTaxtTypID":1,"DasTaxtType":"Taxonomic coverage","TaxtID":35716,"TaxTerm":"Balaenoptera musculus brevicauda","AphiaID":242604,"DutchTerm":null}],"frameworks":null,"otherterms":null,"temporal":[{"DasDateID":4080,"StartYear":2007,"EndYear":2012,"StartDay":9,"EndDay":28,"StartDate":"2007-09-09","EndDate":"2012-03-28","DasDate":null,"Resolution":null,"ResolutionNL":null,"Notes":null,"StartMonth0":9,"StartMonth":"September","StartMonthNL":"September","EndMonth0":3,"EndMonth":"March","EndMonthNL":"Maart","Progress":"Completed","ProgressNL":"Afgelopen"}],"geographical":[{"GeoTerm":"South Australia","DasGeoID":8782,"DasGeoTerm":null,"DasID":5331,"GeotID":3494,"X":139.52000000000001,"Y":-39.409999999999997,"MaxX":143.364,"MaxY":-37.530999999999999,"StationName":null,"Precision":null,"CoordSystID":null,"GeoDatumID":null,"OrigCoordMinX":null,"OrigCoordMinY":null,"OrigCoordMaxX":null,"OrigCoordMaxY":null,"OrderNr":null,"Projection":null,"GeoDatum":null,"GeoObjectID":8913,"OrigGeoTerm":"South Australia","DutchTerm":null}],"meastypes":[{"MethID":null,"DasMeasTypID":10668,"DasMeasType":"","Matrix":null,"MatrixNL":null,"Parameter":"Animal sightings","ParameterNL":"Waarnemingen van dieren","Description":null,"Unit":null,"Methodology":null,"Protocol":null,"QualityControl":null,"Precision":null,"Detectionlimit":null,"Instrument":null,"InstrumentUrl":null,"MethFull":"","ParaCategoryTitle":null,"ParaCatCode":null},{"MethID":null,"DasMeasTypID":10597,"DasMeasType":"","Matrix":null,"MatrixNL":null,"Parameter":"Occurrence of biota","ParameterNL":"Voorkomen van soorten","Description":null,"Unit":null,"Methodology":null,"Protocol":null,"QualityControl":null,"Precision":null,"Detectionlimit":null,"Instrument":null,"InstrumentUrl":null,"MethFull":"","ParaCategoryTitle":null,"ParaCatCode":null}],"dasthemes":[{"DasThemeID":70,"DasTheme":"Biology > Mammals","DasTheme0":"Mammals","DutchTerm":"Zoogdieren"}],"projects":null,"refs":null,"urls":[{"URL":"http://ipt.env.duke.edu/resource.do?r=zd_1281","externalID":"zd_1281","URLTypeCode":null,"URLType":"IPT","URLTypID":33,"downloadURL":null,"FileName":null},{"URL":"https://obis.org/dataset/ab514637-a4ea-40b3-80a1-356a079e34f0","externalID":"ab514637-a4ea-40b3-80a1-356a079e34f0","URLTypeCode":null,"URLType":"Online dataset","URLTypID":19,"downloadURL":null,"FileName":null},{"URL":"https://seamap.env.duke.edu/dataset/1281","externalID":"1281","URLTypeCode":null,"URLType":"Online dataset","URLTypID":19,"downloadURL":null,"FileName":null}],"pictures":null,"urlmaps":null,"spatreps":null,"fileformats":null,"resmessage":"","complete":1}