    {"projectrec":{"ProID":1055,"StandardTitle":"Silica retention in the Scheldt continuum and its impact on coastal eutrophication","OrigTitle":"De retentie van silicium in het Schelde continuum en de impact ervan op de eutrophicatie van de kust","Acronym":"SISCO","AbstractEnglish":"<b>Context</b>\r\n\r\nAnthropogenic activities have significantly increased the riverine fluxes of N (nitrogen) and P (phophorous) to the coastal zones. In contrast, the major land source of dissolved Si (silicon) is through chemical weathering of silicate minerals and dissolved Si inputs to aquatic systems have barely been altered. The excess delivery of N and P, compared to Si, has led to profound modifications of the phytoplankton succession and has thus perturbed significantly many coastal ecosystems.\r\n\r\nThe Si retention in the river-estuary-coastal zone continuum, a selective and efficient filter for nutrients, is poorly known at present time owing to our insufficient understanding of the processes affecting the biogeochemical cycling of Si. The processes controlling the Si riverine flux deserve thus a better quantification in order to evaluate its impact on primary production and on the further alteration of the marine food web.\r\n\r\n<b>Project description </b>\r\n\r\n<u>Objectives</u>\r\n\r\nThe overall objective of the project (http://www.ulb.ac.be/sciences/dste/ocean/SISCO/frame.html) is to elucidate the biogeochemical cycling of Si and its anthropogenic perturbations in the river-estuary-coastal zone continuum of the Scheldt. We aim, in particular, at identifying the sources and sinks of Si in the aquatic continuum, and at quantifying the major processes controlling the biogeochemical behaviour of Si in the water column and in the sediments. The results will be used to assess the budget of Si and its fluxes carried by the Scheldt to the Southern Bight of the North Sea.\r\n\r\n<u>Methodology</u>\r\n\r\nIn order to achieve the aims, the present research will be carried out by combining <ol type=1)>\r\n<li>analyses of historical data, \r\n<li>field surveys and laboratory investigations, and \r\n<li>model developments. </li></ol type=1)>\r\n\r\nA Si database will first be constructed and its analysis will allow the evaluation of the historical evolution of the concentration of this nutrient along the Scheldt continuum. A series of fundamental physico-chemical and biological parameters will be measured in the dissolved and particulate phases along the continuum during the first two years. Pore water profiles of dissolved Si (DSi) and biogenic Si (BSi) contents in sediments will be determined to quantify the transformation of Si occurring during early diagenesis.\r\n\r\nIn addition to field surveys, biogeochemical processes controlling the production, regeneration and retention of BSi will be studied both in the field and in the laboratory using natural samples and cultured diatoms. Incorporation experiments of 14C and 32Si will be conducted to estimate the primary production versus diatom production. Dissolution assays of BSi will be carried out to evaluate the regeneration rate of this biogenic element. The diagenetic processes will also be studied to assess the DSi fluxes across the sediment-water interface.\r\n\r\nFinally, a Si module will be developed and implemented within an existing coupled hydrodynamic and biogeochemical model (CONTRASTE), originally developed to estimate long-term fluxes of reactive species in strong tidal estuaries. The improved model will allow us to assess the reduction in Si fluxes along the Scheldt continuum and to evaluate its impact on coastal eutrophication by modifying the marine food web in the Southern Bight of the North Sea.\r\n\r\n<b>Interaction between the different partners</b>\r\n\r\nThe coordinator, the Laboratory of Chemical Oceanography and Water Geochemistry at the University of Brussels (ULB-LOCGE), will focus its efforts on studying processes controlling the production, regeneration and retention of BSi in the water column and in the sediments.\r\n\r\nThe Laboratory of Protistology and Aquatic Ecology at the University of Ghent (RUG-LPAE) is responsible for investigating diatom dynamics and the role of microbial activity on the regeneration of BSi. It will also be in charge of the diatom culture collection and its maintenance.\r\n\r\nThe Department of Geochemistry at the Utrecht University (UU-GEO) is the European collaborator in the project. It is the leading partner for the modelling of Si biogeochemical cycle in the Scheldt continuum.\r\n\r\n<b>Link with International Programmes </b>\r\n\r\nThe link with international programmes will be made through our collaboration with the foreign members of the Users Committee: <ul type=disc>\r\n<li>Prof. Hamborg is coordinating a EU project \"SIBER\" on the Si biogeochemical cycle in the Baltic Sea Ecosystem. He is also actively involved in SCOR and IGBP-LOICZ who recently stressed the important role of Si in regulating coastal food webs;\r\n<li>Dr. Conley, also a partner in SIBER, has the expertise in Si biogeochemistry and coastal eutrophication. He is participating in a EU funded research training network \"Si-WEBS\" to which the present network will be associated;\r\n<li>Dr. Garnier has been actively involved in the French PIREN programme of the Seine basin on nutrient biogeochemistry and will provide knowledge in the diatom and Si dynamics;\r\n<li>Dr. Middelburg will collaborate in the framework of a Dutch-Flemish project, aiming at studying the carbon and nitrogen dynamics in the Scheldt estuary. \r\n</li></ul type=disc>\r\n<b>Expected results and/or products</b>\r\n\r\nThe following research results are expected from the project:\r\n<ul type=disc>\r\n<li>A database of existing historical data on dissolved Si, other nutrients and related parameters incorporating the results acquired in the present project;\r\n<li>A comprehensive understanding of the Si biogeochemistry in the Scheldt continuum;\r\n<li>Parameterisation of rate constants for processes controlling the production, regeneration and retention of Si in the Scheldt continuum;\r\n<li>A Si diagenetic model for the quantitative assessment of the recycling efficiency, the burial flux and thus the retention of Si in contrasting estuarine sediments;\r\n<li>An improved transport-reaction model with the implementation of a new Si module, allowing the prediction of Si fluxes delivered by the Scheldt to the Southern Bight of the North Sea.\r\n</li></ul type=disc>","AbstractOtherLang":"<b>Context</b>\r\n\r\nDoor antropogene activiteiten is de aanvoer van N (stikstof) en P (fosofor) in kustzones sterk toegenomen. De voornaamste bron van Si (silicium), daarentegen, is de verwering van silicaatgesteenten. In tegenstelling tot N en P is de toevoer van opgelost Si in aquatische systemen nauwelijks gewijzigd. De overmatige aanvoer van N en P ten opzichte van Si heeft geleid tot sterke wijzigingen in de fytoplanktongemeenschap en een verstoring van het ecosysteem in de kustzone.\r\n\r\nDe overgang rivier-estuarium-kust vormt een selectieve en efficiënte filter voor nutriënten. De retentie van Si door dit continuüm is echter slecht gekend. Dit komt doordat er nauwelijks informatie is omtrent de processen die centraal staan in de biogeochemische cyclus van Si.\r\nDe processen die de Si fluxen regelen in rivieren verdienen een betere kwantificering teneinde beter de impact op de primaire productie en verder op de wijziging in het mariene voedselweb te kunnen evalueren.\r\n\r\n<b>Beschrijving van het project</b>\r\n\r\n<b>Doelstellingen</b>\r\n\r\nDe voornaamste doelstelling van dit project is het onderzoeken van de biogeochemische cyclus van Si in het continuüm rivier-estuarium-kustzone van de Schelde en de invloed van menselijke activiteiten op deze cyclus. We willen in de eerste plaats de voornaamste bronnen en verliesposten van Si in het continuüm identificeren en de voornaamste biogeochemische processen kwantificeren die het gedrag van Si in de waterkolom en de sedimenten bepalen. De resultaten van dit onderzoek zullen gebruikt worden de flux van Si door het Schelde continuüm naar de Noordzee in te schatten.\r\nMeer info: http://www.ulb.ac.be/sciences/dste/ocean/SISCO/frame.html\r\n\r\n\r\n<b>Methodologie</b>\r\n\r\nOm deze doelstellingen te bereiken zullen we 1) historische data analyseren, 2) monitoring studies en laboratorium experimenten uitvoeren en 3) een model ontwikkelen.\r\n\r\nTen eerste zullen we een Si databank uitbouwen die moet toelaten de historische evolutie van de Si concentraties in het Schelde continuüm te reconstrueren. Tijdens de eerste twee jaar van het project zullen een aantal belangrijke chemische en biologische parameters in de waterkolom van het continuüm opgevolgd worden. In de sedimenten zullen poriewater profielen van opgelost en biogeen Si geanalyseerd worden om de diagenese van Si in het sediment te onderzoeken.\r\n\r\nNaast deze monitoring studies zullen de productie, regeneratie en retentie van biogeen Si bestudeerd worden aan de hand van natuurlijke monsters en culturen van diatomeeën. Incorporatie van 14C en 32Si zal gebruikt worden om de productie van diatomeeën te onderscheiden van de totale primaire productie. De oplosbaarheid van biogeen Si zal onder verschillende omstandigheden worden gekwantificeerd. Natuurlijk sediment zal onder gecontroleerde omstandigheden geïncubeerd worden om de flux van Si tussen sediment en waterkolom te kunnen inschatten.\r\n\r\nTenslotte zullen we een Si-module toevoegen aan een bestaand gekoppeld hydrodynamisch-biogeochemisch model (CONTRASTE) dat werd ontwikkeld om lange-termijn fluxen van elementen in estuaria te kwantificeren. Het verbeterde model zal ons toelaten antropogene wijzigingen in de Si-flux door het Schelde continuüm naar de Noordzee te onderzoeken en de invloed ervan op eutrofiëring en wijzigingen in het mariene voedselweb in de Zuidelijke Bocht van de Noordzee na te gaan.\r\n\r\n<b>Interactie tussen de verschillende partners</b>\r\n\r\nDe coördinator van dit project, het Laboratorium voor Chemische Oceanografie en Aquatische Geochimie aan de Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB-LOCGE), zal zich richten op de processen die betrokken zijn bij de productie, regeneratie en retentie van biogeen Si in de waterkolom en de sedimenten.\r\n\r\nHet Laboratorium voor Protistologie en Aquatische Ecologie van de Universiteit Gent (RUG-PAE) is verantwoordelijk voor het onderzoek naar diatomeeën en hun invloed op de Si cyclus evenals de rol van microbiële processen in de regeneratie van biogeen Si.\r\n\r\nDe Afdeling Geochimie van de Universiteit Utrecht (UU-GEO) is een Europese partner in het project. Zij staan in voor het modelleren van de Si cyclus in het Schelde continuüm.\r\n\r\n<b>Band met internationale programma’s</b>\r\n\r\nVia buitenlandse leden van het gebruikerscomité zullen we betrokken zijn bij internationale programma’s:\r\n\r\n- Prof. Humborg coördineert het EG project \"SIBER\" over de biogeochemische Si cyclus in de Baltische Zee. Hij is eveneens betrokken bij SCOR en IGBP-LOICZ, die recent het belang van Si in kustecosystemen benadrukten;\r\n- Dr. Conley, ook een partner van SIBER, heeft uitgebreide expertise in de biogeochemie van Si en eutrofiëring van kustgebieden. Hij neemt deel aan het EG ‘research training network’ \"Si-WEBS’ waarin het huidige project geïntegreerd zal worden;\r\n- Dr. Garnier was actief betrokken bij het Franse \"PIREN\" programma omtrent de biogeochemie van nutriënten in het Seine-bekken en zal expertise leveren omtrent diatomeeën en de dynamiek van Si;\r\n- Dr. Middelburg zal met ons samenwerken in het kader van een Nederlands-Vlaams project waarin de C en N cyclus in het Schelde estuarium bestudeerd wordt.\r\n\r\n\r\n<b>Verwachte resultaten</b>\r\n\r\n- Een database met historische en actuele gegevens over opgelost Si, andere nutriënten en hieraan gerelateerde parameters;\r\n- Een diepgaande kennis van de biogeochemie van Si in het Schelde continuüm;\r\n- Parameters van processen betrokken bij de productie, regeneratie en retentie van Si in het Schelde continuüm;\r\n- Een diagenetisch model voor de kwantificatie van de recyclage-efficiëntie en de retentie van Si in verschillende estuariene sedimenten;\r\n- Een verbeterd transport-reactie model waaraan een Si-module is toegevoegd; dit model moet toelaten de Si flux door het Schelde continuüm te voorspellen.\r\n\r\n\r\n<b>Partners</b>\r\n\r\n<b>Activiteiten</b>\r\n\r\nULB-LOCGE, onder leiding van Prof. L. Chou, bestudeert de biogeochemische processen die de cyclus van koolstof en hiermee geassocieerde elementen beïnvloedt. De expertise van deze onderzoeksgroep omvat kinetische studies van verwering van mineralen en het op punt stellen van technieken op het gebied van aquatische en sedimentologische geochemie.\r\n\r\nRUG-PAE, onder leiding van Prof. W. Vyverman, bestudeert de diversiteit van protisten en hun rol in het functioneren van aquatische ecosystemen. De expertise van deze onderzoeksgroep omvat een cultuurcollectie van diatomeeën en technieken om natuurlijke gemeenschappen van protisten en bacteriën te bestuderen.\r\n\r\nUU-GEO, onder leiding van Prof. P. Van Cappellen, bestudeert de biogeochemische complexiteit van het aardoppervlak door een combinatie van veldstudies, laboratoriumexperimenten en mathematische modellen. De partner in het huidige project, Prof. P. Regnier, coördineert de modelleringsgroep en ontwikkelde het transport-reactie model CONTRASTE.","DateLastModified":{"date":"2024-05-06 10:25:46.257000","timezone_type":1,"timezone":"+00:00"},"ParentProID":1075,"BeginYear":2002,"EndYear":2006,"BMonth":2,"EMonth":4,"BeginMonth":"February","EndMonth":"April","OrigTitleLangCode":"nl","OrigTitleLangID":41,"OrigTitleLangNL":"Nederlands","OrigTitleLang":"Dutch","OtherAbstractLangCode":"nl","OtherAbstractLangID":41,"OtherAbstractLang":"Dutch","OtherAbstractLangNL":"Nederlands","Progress":"Completed","ProgressNL":"Afgelopen","PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":0,"ND":"2003-11-26","UD":"2009-12-11","DMPFlag":0,"Budget":727000,"BudgetCurrency":"EUR"},"parent":{"ProID":1075,"Acronym":"SPSD-II","StandardTitle":"Research action SPSD-II: Second scientific support plan for a sustainable development policy"},"persons":null,"projects":null,"events":null,"datasets":[{"DasID":5953,"Acronym":"SISCO","Citation":null,"StandardTitle":"Silica retention in the Scheldt continuum and its impact on coastal eutrophication: photosynthetic pigments and nutrient measurements (2003)","DasType":"Data"}],"institutes":[{"instituterec":{"Acronym":"PAE","ProPartID":1171,"PublicFlag":1,"OrigNameLangCode":"en","OrigNameLangID":15,"FullOrigName":"Ghent University; 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