{"projectrec":{"ProID":2102,"StandardTitle":"Antarctic Microbial Biodiversity: The importance of geographical and ecological factors","OrigTitle":"Antarctische microbiële biodiversiteit: het belang van geografische en ecologische factoren","Acronym":"AMBIO","AbstractEnglish":"Context\r\n\r\nAMBIO aims to explore the microbial diversity on the Antarctic continent. Microorganisms dominate most Antarctic ecosystems, they form the basis of the food webs and are the main actors in the biogeochemical cycles. However, little is known about their diversity. We therefore lack the baseline information needed to understand the contribution of various processes responsible for the geographical patterns in microbial diversity and community composition and to monitor possible future changes due the ecosystem changes and/or human introductions.\r\nIn the frame of the International Polar Year, AMBIO will take part in the IPY MERGE (# 55) project concerning the microbial and ecological responses to global environmental changes in Polar Regions. It will also participate in the SCAR programme “Evolution and Biodiversity in Antarctica”.\r\n\r\n\r\nProject description \r\n\r\nObjectives\r\n\r\nThe AMBIO project aims to determine the microbial diversity in Antarctic aquatic ecosystems, using an integrated and standardised analysis. \r\nThe specific objectives are:\r\n
    \r\n
  1. To explore and discover the microbial diversity in wet terrestrial habitats in Sub-Antarctica, maritime and continental Antarctica. \r\n
  2. To enlarge the database of ribosomal RNA operon sequences of bacteria, cyanobacteria and microalgae through the collection and analysis of new samples. \r\n
  3. To enlarge the collections of Antarctic bacteria (particularly Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes), cyanobacteria, green algae and diatoms, with new characterised isolates.\r\n
  4. To study the community turnover within each taxonomic group among different/comparable habitats along ecological and geographical gradients. \r\n
  5. To select in each of the taxonomic groups, particular taxa that displays striking distribution patterns (environmental specialisations, potentially endemic or cosmopolitan) for further detailed study (specific genotypic analyses on a large number of varied samples). This approach will enable to better analyse the importance of ecological and historic factors.\r\n
  6. To identify regions of unique microbial diversity that deserve to be protected. \r\n
\r\n\r\nMethodology\r\n
    \r\n
  1. A molecular approach to assess the microbial diversity using DGGE (Denaturating Gradient Gel Electrophoresis) and clone libraries. These methods are based on the amplification of a taxonomic molecular marker, the ribosomal RNA, by using specific primers for bacteria, cyanobacteria and microalgae. \r\n
  2. Strain isolations will be carried out for the same samples. Bacteria (with a focus on Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes), cyanobacteria and microalgae (green algae and diatoms) will be purified and characterised from the same samples. .\r\n
  3. A detailed study of representative taxa using specific primers and probes with a combination of several techniques, namely DGGE, QRT-PCR (Real time quantitative PCR) and dot-blot hybridisations.\r\n
  4. Statistical analyses will be performed to assess the importance of local (ecological) versus regional (historical) factors in relation to differences in diversity and community composition between regions and sites. \r\n
\r\n\r\nInteraction between the different partners\r\n\r\nEach partner has specific experience concerning the groups of microorganisms. Therefore, the study of the cyanobacteria will be carried out by Partner 1 (CIP). Partner 2 (PAE) and 3 (LM-UGent) will work on the strain isolations of protists and bacteria, respectively, and will cooperate for the study of the non-cultivated diversity. These analyses will be carried out in parallel on the same samples, using standardised analysis protocols. The statistical analyses will involve all partners and will be centralised by Partner 2. \r\n\r\n\r\nExpected results and/or products\r\n\r\nDuring the first 2 years, a database of samples will be created as well as 3 strain collections: bacteria, cyanobacteria and microalgae. Strains will be characterised and preserved. New bacterial taxa will be stored in the public collection BCCM/LMG. At the end of the project, protocols and probes will be published on the project website. The obtained results will be published in international peer reviewed scientific journals and presented at international scientific symposia and workshops. Communication and outreach will be performed through a website as well as a powerpoint presentation: ‘Antarctica is a microbial continent’. The role of microbial diversity in determining fragile and unique sites which could be proposed as ASPA (Antarctic Specially Protected Area) to the CEP (The Committee for Environmental Protection) will be evaluated. A final workshop with international speakers will be organised.","AbstractOtherLang":"Context\r\n\r\nDe doelstelling van AMBIO is om de microbiële diversiteit op het Antarctische continent te verkennen en in kaart te brengen. Microorganismen domineren de meeste Antarctische ecosystemen, vormen de basis van de voedselketen en spelen de hoofdrol in de biogeochemische cycli. Ondanks dit grote belang, is zeer weinig gekend over hun diversiteit. Er is een gebrek aan basisgegevens om de factoren die bijdragen tot de samenstelling en geografische verspreiding van microbiële gemeenschappen te begrijpen en om de toekomstige wijzigingen als gevolg van ecologische en/of antropogene invloeden in te schatten. Tijdens het Internationaal Pooljaar, zal AMBIO bijdragen tot het project MERGE (#55) over de microbiële en ecologische gevolgen van globale klimaatswijzigingen in de polaire gebieden en ook aan het programma SCAR « Evolutie en Biodiversiteit in Antarctica ».\r\n\r\n\r\nProjectbeschrijving\r\n\r\nDoelstellingen \r\n\r\nDe doelstelling van AMBIO is de microbiële diversiteit in Antarctische aquatische ecosystemen in kaart te brengen door een geïntegreerde en gestandaardiseerde analyse. \r\nDe specifieke objectieven zijn:\r\n
    \r\n
  1. De microbiële diversiteit te verkennen in lacustriene habitats in Sub-Antarctica, maritiem en continentaal Antarctica. \r\n
  2. De databank van ribosomale RNA operon sequenties van bacteria, cyanobacteria en microalgae uit te breiden door verzameling en analyse van nieuwe stalen. \r\n
  3. De collecties van Antarctische bacteria (vnl. Proteobacteria en Bacteroidetes), cyanobacteria, groenwieren en diatomeeën uit te breiden met nieuwe goed gekarakteriseerde isolaten.\r\n
  4. De gemeenschapsdynamiek te bestuderen binnen elke taxonomische groep in verschillende of gelijkaardige habitats langsheen ecologische en geografische gradiënten. \r\n
  5. Voor elke taxonomische groep, bepaalde taxa met een opvallend distributiepatroon (specialisten in bepaalde milieus, potentieel endemische of cosmopolitische soorten) in detail te bestuderen (specifieke genotypische analyses op een groot aantal diverse stalen). Deze aanpak zal toelaten het belang van ecologische of historische factoren beter in te schatten.\r\n
  6. Gebieden te identificeren met een unieke microbiële diversiteit die bescherming verdienen. \r\n
\r\n\r\nMethodologie\r\n
    \r\n
  1. Moleculaire methoden om de gehele microbiële diversiteit te bestuderen door DGGE (Denaturating Gradient Gel Electrophoresis) en clone libraries zullen gebruikt worden. Deze methoden maken gebruik van de selectieve amplificatie van een moleculaire taxonomische merker, het ribosomaal RNA gen, door specifieke primers voor bacteria, cyanobacteria en microalgae. \r\n
  2. Uit dezelfde stalen zullen stammen geïsoleerd worden: Bacteria (speciaal Proteobacteria en Bacteroidetes), cyanobacteria en microalgae (groenwieren en diatomeeën) zullen gezuiverd en gekarakteriseerd worden.\r\n
  3. Een grondige studie van representatieve taxa zal gebeuren met specifieke primers en probes door combinatie van verschillende technieken waaronder DGGE, QRT-PCR (Real time quantitative PCR) en dot-blot hybridisaties.\r\n
  4. Statistische analyses zullen toelaten om het relatief belang te evalueren van lokale (ecologische) versus regionale (historische) factoren met betrekking tot de verschillen in diversiteit en gemeenschapssamenstelling tussen verschillende gebieden en locaties. \r\n
\r\n\r\nInteractie tussen de partners\r\n\r\nElke partner heeft specifieke ervaring betreffende bepaalde groepen van microorganismen. Daarom zal de studie van de cyanobacteria gebeuren door Partner 1 (CIP). Partner 2 (PAE) en 3 (LM-UGent) zullen instaan voor de isolatie van, respectievelijk, protists en bacteria, en zullen samenwerken voor de studie van ongekweekte (gemeenschaps-)diversiteit. De analyses zullen parallel gebeuren op dezelfde stalen, met gestandaardiseerde protocols. Alle partners zullen samenwerken bij de statistische analyses die gecentraliseerd bij Partner 2 zullen gebeuren. \r\n\r\n\r\nVerwachte resultaten en/of producten\r\n\r\nTijdens de eerste twee jaar zal een databank van de stalen aangelegd worden en ook drie stammencollecties voor respectievelijk bacteria, cyanobacteria en microalgae. Stammen zullen gekarakteriseerd en bewaard worden. Nieuwe bacteriële taxa zullen gedeponeerd worden in de publieke collectie BCCM/LMG. Bij het einde van het project zullen protocols en probes gepubliceerd worden op de project website. De bekomen resultaten zullen gepubliceerd worden in internationale peer-reviewed wetenschappelijke tijdschriften en voorgesteld op internationale wetenschappelijke symposia en workshops. Communicatie en verspreiding naar een breder publiek zal gebeuren via een website en een powerpoint voorstelling ‘Antarctica, een microbieel continent’. De bijdrage van microbiële diversiteit zal geëvalueerd worden bij het identificeren van bijzonder kwetsbare en unieke gebieden die als ASPA (Antarctic Specially Protected Area) zouden voorgesteld kunnen worden aan de CEP (Committee for Environmental Protection). Een slot-workshop met internationale sprekers zal georganiseerd worden.","DateLastModified":{"date":"2024-05-06 10:25:46.257000","timezone_type":1,"timezone":"+00:00"},"ParentProID":2063,"BeginYear":2006,"EndYear":2009,"BMonth":12,"EMonth":1,"BeginMonth":"December","EndMonth":"January","OrigTitleLangCode":"nl","OrigTitleLangID":41,"OrigTitleLangNL":"Nederlands","OrigTitleLang":"Dutch","OtherAbstractLangCode":"nl","OtherAbstractLangID":41,"OtherAbstractLang":"Dutch","OtherAbstractLangNL":"Nederlands","Progress":"Completed","ProgressNL":"Afgelopen","PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":0,"ND":"2007-07-05","UD":"2009-10-29","DMPFlag":0,"Budget":11901786,"BudgetCurrency":"EUR"},"parent":{"ProID":2063,"Acronym":"SSD","StandardTitle":"Science for a Sustainable Development"},"persons":null,"projects":null,"events":null,"datasets":null,"institutes":[{"instituterec":{"Acronym":"CIP","ProPartID":8288,"PublicFlag":1,"OrigNameLangCode":"en","OrigNameLangID":15,"FullOrigName":"Université de Liège; Faculty of Sciences; Centre for Protein Engineering","Line1":"Quartier Agora","Line2":"Allée du 6 Août, 13","Line3":"4000 Liège","Line4":null,"InsID":330,"FullStandardName":"Université de Liège; Faculté des Sciences; Centre d'Ingénierie des Protéines","Role":"Co-ordinator","RoleID":7,"EncAddress":"Quartier Agora, Allée du 6 Août, 13, 4000 Liège, Belgium"},"parent":null,"institutes":null,"references":null,"conferences":null,"datasets":null,"persons":[{"Surname":"Wilmotte","Firstname":"Annick","Initials":"A.","LeaderFlag":0,"PersID":4519,"Role":"Co-ordinator","RoleID":7,"PastInstitute":0,"BeginDay":null,"BeginMonth":null,"BeginYear":null,"EndDay":null,"EndMonth":null,"EndYear":null}],"pastpers":null,"subpers":null,"projects":null,"urls":null,"pictures":null,"published":null,"affrefs":null,"collections":null,"thesterms":null,"taxterms":null,"geoterms":null,"thestermsFRIS":null,"nXtins":null,"previns":null,"spcols":null,"resmessage":"no id specified","complete":0,"participantrec":null,"peerrevs":null,"urlmaps":null},{"instituterec":{"Acronym":"PAE","ProPartID":8289,"PublicFlag":1,"OrigNameLangCode":"en","OrigNameLangID":15,"FullOrigName":"Ghent University; Faculty of Sciences; Biology Department; Laboratory of Protistology and Aquatic Ecology","Line1":"Krijgslaan 281 (S8)","Line2":"9000 Gent","Line3":null,"Line4":null,"InsID":732,"FullStandardName":"Universiteit Gent; Faculteit Wetenschappen; Vakgroep Biologie; Laboratorium voor Protistologie en Aquatische Ecologie","Role":"Partner","RoleID":17,"EncAddress":"Krijgslaan 281 (S8), 9000 Gent, Belgium"},"parent":null,"institutes":null,"references":null,"conferences":null,"datasets":null,"persons":[{"Surname":"Vyverman","Firstname":"Wim","Initials":"W.","LeaderFlag":0,"PersID":135,"Role":"Partner","RoleID":17,"PastInstitute":0,"BeginDay":null,"BeginMonth":null,"BeginYear":null,"EndDay":null,"EndMonth":null,"EndYear":null}],"pastpers":null,"subpers":null,"projects":null,"urls":null,"pictures":null,"published":null,"affrefs":null,"collections":null,"thesterms":null,"taxterms":null,"geoterms":null,"thestermsFRIS":null,"nXtins":null,"previns":null,"spcols":null,"resmessage":"no id specified","complete":0,"participantrec":null,"peerrevs":null,"urlmaps":null},{"instituterec":{"Acronym":null,"ProPartID":8290,"PublicFlag":1,"OrigNameLangCode":"en","OrigNameLangID":15,"FullOrigName":"Ghent University; Faculty of Sciences; Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology; Laboratory of Microbiology","Line1":"K. 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