{"projectrec":{"ProID":2983,"StandardTitle":"Characterisation of the toxicological mode of action and effect-evaluation of fluorinated organochemicals in marine and estuarine organisms","OrigTitle":"Karakterisatie van toxicologische werkingsmechanismen en effect-evaluatie van perfluorverbindingen bij mariene en estuariene organismen","Acronym":null,"AbstractEnglish":"Research investigating the environmental fate and effects of halogenated organochemicals has largely focused on brominated and chlorinated organics. The group of fluorinated organochemicals (FOCs), however, has up to now received less attention. Nevertheless, these compounds are being produced over 50 years and have a broad application spectrum in industry and households as surfactants, adhesives, medicines, fire retardants, agrochemicals, food packaging, textile, carpets, etc. A recent study has reveiled the worldwide distribution of perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) in animals of various trophic levels through the entire food chain. Even in remote (arctic) areas a detectable amount of fluorinated organochemicals could be quantified in the blood and liver of wildlife. The presence of this compound has also been established in commercially available nonindustrially exposed human sera. Despite the fact that FOCs are spread worldwide in wildlife and humans, and despite their resistance to biotransformation, little precise information is known on the toxicological mode of action of perfluorinated chemicals. It has been shown that PFOS influences cell membrane integrity and that it has potent hepatic peroxisome proliferating capacities in rats, mice and freshwater fish, a phenomenon that has been intimately correlated with hepatocarcinogenesis. The main objects of this projects are on the one hand the characterisation of the distribution of PFOS and related chemicals in aquatic ecosystems in Europe. On the other hand, we will try to reveal the mode of action of these chemicals and the possible effects on marine and estuarine species. An important aspect will be the research of effects on the molecular level, using the recent developed technique of subtraction suppression hybridisation PCR (SSH-PCR). More specifically, following subjects will be included in the research: 1) Chemical characterisation: quantifying fluorinated concentrations in aquatic organisms and describing bioaccumulation capacities through the food chain 2) Differential gene expression: isolation and identification of differentially expressed genes after PFOS exposure 3) Biomarkers: influence on suborganismal endpoints (biochemical and physiological) 4) Biomonitoring: actual impact on organisms","AbstractOtherLang":"Tot nog toe heeft wetenschappelijk (eco)toxicologisch onderzoek zijn aandacht vooral gericht op gechloreerde en gebromeerde organochemicaliën. Fluorverbindingen werden echter veel minder bestudeerd. Nochtans zijn deze stoffen zeer inert en daarom werden ze in het verleden als veilig beschouwd voor mens en milieu. Deze stoffen werden reeds verschillende decennia in enorme hoeveelheden (jaarlijks circa 4500 ton) geproduceerd en kennen wereldwijd uiteenlopende industriële en commerciële toepassingen. Zo worden ze gebruikt als koelmiddel en surfactans en als component van farmaceutische producten, brandvertragers, smeermiddelen, kleefstoffen en insecticiden. Eén specifieke klasse van fluorchemicaliën, met name de perfluorsulfonzuren met perfluorooctaan sulfonzuur (PFOS) als belangrijkste vertegenwoordiger, wordt veelvuldig gebruikt als katalysator in chemische productieprocessen en als industrieel surfactans. Ondanks de massale, wereldwijde productie en verspreiding en het feit dat deze verbindingen weinig tot niet gemetaboliseerd worden, is er weinig geweten over de toxiciteit van perfluorchemicaliën. Er zijn aanwijzingen dat het energiemetabolisme en de ionenbalans verstoord worden en dat peroxisoomproliferatie geïnduceerd wordt bij Rodentia en zoetwater vissen. Informatie over andere biochemische effecten en mogelijke effecten bij verschillende species uit de mariene voedselketen is zeer beperkt. De centrale doelstellingen van dit project zijn dan ook enerzijds de karakterisatie van de verspreiding van PFOS en aanverwante chemicaliën in aquatische biotopen in Europa en anderzijds het achterhalen van hun toxicologische werkingsmechanismen en de potentiële impact op verschillende mariene en estuariene soorten. Het vroegtijdig opsporen van toxische effecten op moleculair niveau vormt een zeer belangrijk aspect in dit onderzoek. Dankzij recente ontwikkelingen in de gentechnologie kan men effecten (inductie & repressie) op het niveau van messenger RNA bestuderen. Dergelijke PFOS-specifieke genen kunnen mogelijks als biomarker in ecotoxicologische studies worden gebruikt. Meer specifiek bestaat de doelstelling van dit onderzoek uit een aantal facetten: 1) Chemische karakterisatie: het vaststellen van de actuele milieuconcentraties aan perfluorverbindingen in aquatische organismen en bestuderen van bioaccumulerend vermogen doorheen de voedselketen 2) Differentiële genexpressie: isolatie en identificatie van differentieel geëxpresseerde genen in zeebaars na blootstelling aan perfluorooctaan sulfonzuur (PFOS) 3) Gericht biomarker onderzoek: ontwikkelen van suborganismale (biochemische, fysiologische) eindpunten (biomarkers) voor het bepalen van specifieke effecten van fluorochemicaliën 4) Biomonitoring: via een monitoringscampagne zal getracht worden de reële impact van deze verbindingen op mariene en estuariene organismen in te schatten","DateLastModified":{"date":"2024-05-06 10:25:46.257000","timezone_type":1,"timezone":"+00:00"},"ParentProID":null,"BeginYear":2002,"EndYear":2006,"BMonth":10,"EMonth":9,"BeginMonth":"October","EndMonth":"September","OrigTitleLangCode":"nl","OrigTitleLangID":41,"OrigTitleLangNL":"Nederlands","OrigTitleLang":"Dutch","OtherAbstractLangCode":"nl","OtherAbstractLangID":41,"OtherAbstractLang":"Dutch","OtherAbstractLangNL":"Nederlands","Progress":"Completed","ProgressNL":"Afgelopen","PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":0,"ND":"2009-07-14","UD":"2009-09-21","DMPFlag":0,"Budget":67193,"BudgetCurrency":"EUR"},"parent":null,"persons":null,"projects":null,"events":null,"datasets":null,"institutes":[{"instituterec":{"Acronym":"SPHERE","ProPartID":10774,"PublicFlag":1,"OrigNameLangCode":"en","OrigNameLangID":15,"FullOrigName":"University of Antwerp; 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