{"projectrec":{"ProID":3326,"StandardTitle":"Service d'observation en milieu littoral","OrigTitle":"Service d'Observation en milieu littoral","Acronym":"SOMLIT","AbstractEnglish":null,"AbstractOtherLang":"L’observation à moyen et long terme de l’évolution de l’environnement est clairement reconnue comme une nécessité impérative si l’on veut comprendre, via l’étude des \"séries à long terme\", comment les écosystèmes terrestres ou marins réagissent à la fois aux contraintes naturelles de l’environnement et aux effets anthropiques. C’est bien évidemment le cas des milieux littoraux (lagunes, baies, estuaires et l’ensemble des côtes) particulièrement vulnérables en raison de la pression croissante des activités humaines et objets de nombreux conflits d’usage.\r\n\r\nLe développement d’une démarche systématique d’observation des milieu littoraux est issu d’initiatives locales, fondées, soit sur des opportunités, soit sur une tradition de culture scientifique propre à chaque Station Marine (RNSM [Site du Réseau National des Stations Marines] ). La fédération de ces efforts a conduit à la mise en place du Service d’Observation en Milieu Littoral (SOMLIT) en 1995, labellisé par l’INSU en 1996, et qui regroupe actuellement 7 Stations Marines.\r\n\r\nObjectifs du SOMLIT:\r\n\r\nL’étude du littoral français dans son ensemble, rendue possible par le choix de sites à situation de normalité, d’un suivi de paramètres pertinents, d’un échantillonnage bimensuel et de la mise en place d’une charte qualité, permet une approche multi-paramètres et multi-sites afin :\r\n\r\nLes objectifs spécifiques sont, grâce à l’observation systématique et coordonnée au niveau national :\r\n
    \r\n
  1. d’homogénéiser l’acquisition d’un corps de paramètres (hydro-climatiques, chimiques et biologiques) communs à tous les sites et rendre disponibles les données à l’ensemble de la communauté, afin de ;\r\n
  2. de permettre une étude comparée de séries à long terme sur les 3 façades du littoral français (identification de fluctuations communes aux différents sites et réponses du littoral à des forçages climatiques ou anthropiques globaux - distinction entre ces deux sources de variabilité) ;\r\n
  3. de définir pour chaque site une situation de \" normalité \" et d’établir une typologie des fluctuations saisonnières et inter-annuelles ;\r\n
  4. d’établir un cadre spatio-temporel pour les actions de recherches ayant en outre pour objectif d’expliquer la variabilité observée.\r\n
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