Ocean biogeochemistry is going through unprecedented changes. Anthropogenic emissions of CO2 since the industrial revolution have led to warming in ocean temperature (>1 °C since pre-industrial) and increase in ocean acidity (100-150% increase in H+ concentration). Our current understanding of biogeochemical processes and carbon cycling in the ocean has so far been based on scarce observations from ship-based repeat hydrography surveys across ocean basins on decadal scales, time-series stations on monthly to seasonal scales and underway surface observations from SOOP. Observing changes in ocean conditions on the spatial and temporal scales required to constrain Ocean CO2 uptake, storage rates and subsequent ecosystem impacts, however, remains a significant challenge due to the lack of technical observing capability. Advances in observing technologies and inter-ERIC harmonisation and coordination could enormously enhance the ability of the European and global observing community to understand ocean processes and monitor human induced changes to ocean biogeochemistry. Recent developments in sensing technologies, robotics and artificial intelligence offer new opportunities and potential for autonomous, wide scale and high-resolution biogeochemical observations. GEORGE will consist of three central work packages (WPs 2 – 4) that will target innovative new technologies in the observational networks of the three RIs, two work packages that will support the RIs in implementation of the results (WP 5, 6) and one WP transferring the results to a higher level of the value chain (WP7).
","AbstractOtherLang":"De biogeochemie van de oceanen maakt ongekende veranderingen door. Antropogene emissies van CO2 sinds de industriële revolutie hebben geleid tot opwarming van de oceaantemperatuur (>1 °C sinds het pre-industriële tijdperk) en toename van de zuurgraad van de oceaan (100-150% toename van de H+-concentratie). Ons huidige begrip van biogeochemische processen en de koolstofcyclus in de oceaan is tot dusverre gebaseerd op schaarse waarnemingen van herhaalde hydrografische onderzoeken per schip in oceaanbekkens op decadale schalen, tijdreeksen van stations op maand- tot seizoenschalen en oppervlaktewaarnemingen aan boord van schepen (SOOP). De waarneming van veranderingen in de oceaanomstandigheden op de ruimtelijke en temporele schalen die nodig zijn om de opname en opslag van CO2 in de oceaan en de daaruit voortvloeiende gevolgen voor de ecosystemen te bepalen, blijft echter een belangrijke uitdaging wegens het gebrek aan technische waarnemingscapaciteit. Vooruitgang op het gebied van observatietechnologieën en inter-ERIC harmonisatie en coördinatie zouden het vermogen van de Europese en mondiale observatiegemeenschap om inzicht te krijgen in oceaanprocessen en door de mens veroorzaakte veranderingen in de biogeochemie van de oceanen te monitoren, enorm kunnen vergroten. Recente ontwikkelingen op het gebied van sensortechnologieën, robotica en kunstmatige intelligentie bieden nieuwe kansen en mogelijkheden voor autonome, grootschalige biogeochemische waarnemingen met hoge resolutie. GEORGE zal bestaan uit drie centrale werkpakketten (WP 2 - 4) die gericht zijn op innovatieve nieuwe technologieën in de observatienetwerken van de drie RI's, twee werkpakketten die de RI's zullen ondersteunen bij de implementatie van de resultaten (WP 5, 6) en één WP dat de resultaten overdraagt naar een hoger niveau van de waardeketen (WP7).
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