    {"projectrec":{"ProID":5487,"StandardTitle":"Optimized eDNA Methods for Accurate Biodiversity Assessment","OrigTitle":null,"Acronym":"eDNA-Optima","AbstractEnglish":"<p>The importance of understanding and valuing biodiversity and ecosystem health is becoming ever more important. Global anthropogenic change, new economic activities and increased maritime mobility can have a broad impact on biodiversity. Consequently, evaluating the impact of economic activities on biodiversity and ecosystems is increasingly recognized by the corporate world. To this end, the use of environmental DNA (eDNA) is offering valuable information on spatio-temporal patterns of species distribution and is gaining traction due to its non-invasive nature, cost effectiveness and scalability. eDNA surveys are increasingly used in aquatic ecosystems for policy and management decisions. Yet, limitations and challenges remain, particularly in complex marine environments like the North Sea. eDNA techniques are indirect observation methods and may fall short due to potential false positive or negative species detections. Such uncertainties may lead to incorrect management and policy decisions that negatively impact (delay or disable) economic activities. This then lowers the trust of stakeholders in applying eDNA-based techniques and leads to traditional methods remaining a requirement for many potential applications.&nbsp;<br>The eDNA-OPTIMA project addresses current challenges in eDNA based biodiversity monitoring by mitigating the fundamental issues that lead to false positive and false negative species detections. It aims specifically to tackle and better characterize key processes of transport, resuspension and degradation that influences the distribution, detection, and persistence of eDNA in a given sample. To do so, we first investigate the underlying mechanisms by combining field and laboratory experimental and observational approaches in the North Sea. To identify potential false positive observations from allochthonous eDNA, we will assess how far eDNA is transported by water currents. This involves conducting field experiments utilizing artificially-introduced eDNA sources, such as cages containing oysters, to quantify transport distances. The project leverages bioinformatics and hydrodynamic modeling to further refine eDNA monitoring capabilities. By developing methods to analyze eDNA fragmentation patterns, we then can estimate eDNA degradation and infer the time it has spent in the environment and how much distance it may have covered in this time. Ultimately, we aim to create a comprehensive model that predicts eDNA dispersal trajectories and origin based on degradation rates and hydrodynamic models.&nbsp;<br>A key objective of the project is to establish robust protocols for eDNA collection and data interpretation. Here, we focus on minimizing the risk of false positives and negatives by rigorously evaluating sampling techniques and replication strategies to mitigate contamination. Furthermore, we aim to optimize eDNA monitoring protocols specifically for macrobenthos communities within the North Sea. There, macrobenthos is a critical part of marine biodiversity that has been notoriously difficult to assess using eDNA. A crucial aspect involves comparing eDNA obtained from the water column and sediment to determine the most efficient method for species detection. Simultaneously, we will evaluate the potential effect of eDNA resuspension from the sediment that may lead to false positive detections. Ultimately, this effort will culminate in the development of comprehensive guidelines for reliable eDNA data collection and reporting.&nbsp;<br>As current eDNA collection methods at sea are still often labor-intensive, we will develop technologies and test procedures to collect eDNA samples with automated sampling devices on fixed structures and uncrewed surface vessels. Automation of eDNA sampling holds great promise (especially for blue economy companies) but requires the establishment and testing of best practices to safeguard the necessary quality standards. These advancements will pave the way for the utilization of eDNA as a reliable and efficient tool for monitoring biodiversity and ecosystem health within the North Sea and in other marine environments.</p>","AbstractOtherLang":"<p>Het belang van het begrijpen en waarderen van biodiversiteit en de gezondheid van ecosystemen wordt alsmaar belangrijker. Wereldwijde antropogene veranderingen, nieuwe economische activiteiten en toegenomen maritieme mobiliteit kunnen een grote impact hebben op de biodiversiteit. Bijgevolg wordt de evaluatie van de impact van economische activiteiten op de biodiversiteit en ecosystemen steeds meer erkend door de bedrijfswereld. Daarom biedt het gebruik van environmental DNA (eDNA) waardevolle informatie over spatio-temporele patronen van de verspreiding van soorten en wint het aan populariteit vanwege de niet-invasieve methode, kosteneffectiviteit en schaalbaarheid. eDNA-onderzoeken worden steeds vaker gebruikt in aquatische ecosystemen voor beleids- en beheersbeslissingen. Toch blijven er beperkingen en uitdagingen, met name in complexe mariene omgevingen zoals de Noordzee. eDNA-technieken zijn indirecte waarnemingsmethoden en kunnen tekortschieten door mogelijke vals-positieve of vals-negatieve waarnemingen van soorten. Dergelijke onzekerheden kunnen leiden tot onjuiste beheer- en beleidsbeslissingen die economische activiteiten negatief beïnvloeden (vertragen of uitschakelen). Dit vermindert vervolgens het vertrouwen van belanghebbenden in het toepassen van eDNA-gebaseerde technieken en leidt ertoe dat traditionele methoden een vereiste blijven voor veel potentiële toepassingen.&nbsp;<br>Het eDNA-OPTIMA-project richt zich op de huidige uitdagingen bij het monitoren van biodiversiteit op basis van eDNA door de fundamentele problemen die leiden tot vals-positieve en vals-negatieve detecties van soorten te verminderen. Het is specifiek gericht op het aanpakken en beter karakteriseren van belangrijke processen van transport, resuspensie en degradatie die van invloed zijn op de verspreiding, detectie en persistentie van eDNA in een staal. Om dit te doen, onderzoeken we eerst de onderliggende mechanismen door het combineren van experimenten en observaties in-situ in de Noordzee en in het laboratorium. Om potentiële vals-positieve waarnemingen van allochtoon eDNA te identificeren, zullen we bepalen hoe ver eDNA wordt getransporteerd door stromingen. Hiervoor zullen in-situ experimenten worden uitgevoerd met kunstmatig ingebrachte eDNA-bronnen, zoals kooien met oesters, om transportafstanden te kwantificeren. Het project zal gebruikmaken van bio-informatica en hydrodynamische modellering om de mogelijkheden van eDNA-monitoring verder te verfijnen. Door methoden te ontwikkelen om de patronen van eDNA-fragmentatie te analyseren, kunnen we de degradatie van eDNA schatten en afleiden hoe lang het in het milieu heeft doorgebracht en de afstand die het in die tijd mogelijk heeft afgelegd. Uiteindelijk streven we naar een uitgebreid model dat eDNA-verspreidings trajecten en -oorsprong voorspelt op basis van afbraaksnelheid en hydrodynamische modellen.&nbsp;<br>Een belangrijke doelstelling van het project is het opstellen van robuuste protocollen voor eDNA-verzameling en data-interpretatie. Hierbij richten we ons op het minimaliseren van het risico op vals-positieve en vals-negatieve resultaten door het diepgaand evalueren van staalname technieken en strategieën voor het nemen van replicaten om contaminatie te beperken. Bovendien wil het project protocollen voor eDNA-monitoring optimaliseren, specifiek voor macrobenthos gemeenschappen in de Noordzee. Daar is macrobenthos een belangrijk onderdeel van de mariene biodiversiteit dat tot nu toe zeer moeilijk te beoordelen is met behulp van eDNA. Een cruciaal aspect is het vergelijken van eDNA verkregen uit de waterkolom en het sediment om de meest efficiënte methode voor soortdetectie te bepalen. Tegelijkertijd evalueren we het potentiële effect van eDNA-resuspensie uit het sediment dat kan leiden tot vals-positieve detecties. Uiteindelijk zal deze inspanning uitmonden in de ontwikkeling van uitgebreide richtlijnen voor betrouwbare eDNA staalname en rapportage.&nbsp;<br>Omdat de huidige eDNA-staalname methoden op zee vaak nog arbeidsintensief zijn, zullen door eDNA-Optima technologieën worden ontwikkeld en procedures worden getest om eDNA-stalen te verzamelen met geautomatiseerde staalname apparatuur op vaste bodem frames en onbemande oppervlakte vaartuigen. Automatisering van eDNA-staalname is veelbelovend (vooral voor bedrijven in de blauwe economie), maar vereist het vaststellen en testen van best practices om de noodzakelijke kwaliteitsnormen te waarborgen. Deze vooruitgang zal de weg vrijmaken voor het gebruik van eDNA als een betrouwbare en efficiënte manier voor het monitoren van de biodiversiteit en de gezondheid van ecosystemen in de Noordzee en andere mariene milieus.</p>","DateLastModified":{"date":"2026-04-17 10:23:19.758290","timezone_type":1,"timezone":"+02:00"},"ParentProID":null,"BeginYear":2025,"EndYear":2026,"BMonth":1,"EMonth":12,"BeginMonth":"January","EndMonth":"December","OrigTitleLangCode":null,"OrigTitleLangID":null,"OrigTitleLangNL":null,"OrigTitleLang":null,"OtherAbstractLangCode":"nl","OtherAbstractLangID":41,"OtherAbstractLang":"Dutch","OtherAbstractLangNL":"Nederlands","Progress":"In 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