{"refrec":{"BRefID":100042,"RR":"<b>Yu, R.M.K.; Wong, M.M.L.; Kong, R.Y.C.; Wu, R.S.S.; Cheng, S.H.</b> (2006). Induction of hepatic choriogenin mRNA expression in male marine medaka: a highly sensitive biomarker for environmental estrogens. <i>Aquat. Toxicol. 77(4)</i>: 348-358. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aquatox.2006.01.003\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aquatox.2006.01.003</a>","BEntID":95294,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":1,"wosflag":1,"vabbflag":0,"RefStringPartII":". <i>Aquat. Toxicol. 77(4)</i>: 348-358. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aquatox.2006.01.003\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aquatox.2006.01.003</a>","DocTypID":8,"DocType":"Journal article","MarineFlag":1,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"Yu, R.M.K.; Wong, M.M.L.; Kong, R.Y.C.; Wu, R.S.S.; Cheng, S.H.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"Yu, R.M.K. <i>et al.</i>","Englishabstract":"Teleost choriogenins, precursors of the inner layer subunits of egg envelope, have been recently introduced as sensitive biomarkers for exposure to estrogenic compounds. In this study, two full-length cDNAs—<i>ojChgH</i> and <i>ojChgL</i> which encode the choriogenin H and L forms, respectively, were cloned from the marine medaka, <i>Oryzias javanicus</i>. The deduced protein sequences of <i>ojChgH</i> and <i>ojChgL</i> are highly similar to the corresponding homologues in the freshwater medaka (<i>O. latipes</i>) with identities of 77.2 and 87.6%, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that ojChgH and ojChgL are members of two different classes of liver-specific ZP-domain containing proteins (ZPB and ZPC, respectively). Computer analysis of ca. 2 kb of the 5′-flanking sequences of <i>ojChgH</i> and <i>ojChgL</i> revealed that both genes contain a number of putative estrogen response elements (EREs) and/or half-site EREs. In vivo mRNA expression patterns of the genes were examined by quantitative real-time RT-PCR. <i>ojChgH</i> is expressed exclusively in the liver while <i>ojChgL</i> is co-expressed in the liver (major) and ovary (minor). Exposure of fish to waterborne 17β-estradiol (E2) at environmentally relevant concentrations (1, 5, 10 and 100 ng/L) resulted in dose-dependent induction of both genes in the liver, with higher sensitivity and magnitude of induction in males than in females. In the male liver, induction of <i>ojChgH</i> is more sensitive to E2 than that of <i>ojChgL</i> and two other estrogen-responsive genes, estrogen receptor α (<i>ojERα</i>) and vitellogenin (<i>ojVTG</i>). The lowest-observed-effect concentration (LOEC) of E2 on induction of hepatic <i>ojChgH</i> mRNA is 1 ng/L. In the ovary, expression of <i>ojChgL</i> is non-responsive to E2 treatment. In conclusion, the present study suggested that induction of hepatic <i>ojChgH</i> mRNA in male fish may be a highly sensitive biomarker for exposure to environmental estrogens.","AbstractOtherLang":null,"BibLvlCode":"AS","StandardTitle":"Induction of hepatic choriogenin mRNA expression in male marine medaka: a highly sensitive biomarker for environmental estrogens","OrigTitleLangCode":"en","OrigTitleLangCodeExtended":"eng","OrigTitleLangID":15,"DateLastModified":{"date":"2026-05-25 01:31:08.866875","timezone_type":1,"timezone":"+02:00"},"UserAccessRight":null,"UserAccID":null,"AuthorKeywords":"choriogenin; gene expression; promoter; real-time PCR; Oryzias javanicus","OtherDescriptors":null,"Notes":null,"AnaPub":2006,"MonPub":null,"DateUpdate":"2020-10-19","DateCreate":"2006-06-22","SecASFANote":null,"ConfID":null,"PeerRev":1,"VlizCoreFlag":1,"WoScode":"WOS:000237813400002","VABBcode":null,"OpenAcc":0,"DOI":"10.1016/j.aquatox.2006.01.003"},"refs":null,"anarec":{"AnaID":100042,"PubliDate":2006,"Pagination":"348-358","XtraPublOfAnaID":null,"ISBN":null,"Volume":"77","Issue":"4","BRefMon":null,"BRefMonRR":null,"BRefXtra":null,"BRefXtraRR":null,"SerBRefID":42203,"SerRR":"Aquatic Toxicology. 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