{"refrec":{"BRefID":100108,"RR":"<b>Van Soest, R.W.M.; Hajdu, E.</b> (2000). New species of <i>Desmanthus</i> (Porifera, Demospongiae) with a discussion of its ordinal relationships. <i>Zoosystema 22(2)</i>: 299-312","BEntID":95359,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":0,"wosflag":1,"vabbflag":null,"RefStringPartII":". <i>Zoosystema 22(2)</i>: 299-312","DocTypID":8,"DocType":"Journal article","MarineFlag":1,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"Van Soest, R.W.M.; Hajdu, E.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"Van Soest, R.W.M.; Hajdu, E.","Englishabstract":"<i>Desmanthus meandroides</i> n. sp. is described from Sao Sebastiao, SW Brazil and <i>D. levii</i> n. sp. from the Pacific coast of Panama. Assignment of the new species to the \"sublithistid\" genus <i>Desmanthus</i> Topsent, 1893 followed after critical comparison of species of <i>Desmanthus</i> with <i>Lophacanthus rhabdophorus</i> Hentschel, 1912. In addition to ectosomal erect styles and a basal mass ofundifferentiated desmas I, the new species share the possession of subectosomal desmas II provided which prominent outward-facing rhabdomes with <i>L. rhabdophorus</i>. However, desmas II with a less prominent but nevertheless clearly developed rhabdome were also discovered in the type species of <i>Desmanthus</i>, <i>D. incrustans</i> (Topsent, 1889). The alleged difference between the two genera appeared thus to be a matter of grade and a dear discriminatory character was found lacking. Accordingly, it is proposed to consider <i>Lophacanthus</i> a synonym of <i>Desmanthus</i>. The genus <i>Desmanthus</i> now contains six species, together occurring in all tropical regions as well as in the cooler waters of the Mediterranean (one species) and in South East Atlantic (one species). The latter species, <i>D. macphersoni</i> Uriz, 1989, has peculiar ectosomal spicules and is suspected to belong to a separate undescribed genus. The higher taxa classification of Desmanthidae is controversial because of lack of similarity to other lithistid groups and the inclusion by some authors of a second genus with characters similar to those of <i>Desmanthus</i> i.e. <i>Lithobubaris</i> Vacelet, 1969. Type material of <i>L. tenens</i> and a Caribbean specimen assigned to the same species by Van Soest & Stentoft 1988 were studied to determine the degree of similarity with <i>Desmanthus</i>. <i>L. tenens</i> sensu Van Soest & Stentoft, 1988 was distinguished from <i>L. tenens</i> at the species level and a new species <i>L. leviorum</i> n. sp. was erected. The ordinal relationships of the genera <i>Desmanthus</i> and <i>Lithobubaris</i> are considered and various alternative positions are discussed, including Vacelet's (1969) proposal to assign <i>Lithobubaris</i> to the halichondrid family Bubaridae. 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ISSN 1280-9551; e-ISSN 1638-9387","StandardTitleSer":"Zoosystema","ISSN":"1280-9551","AbbrevSer":"Zoosystema","StandardTitleMon":null,"StartPage":299,"Pages":14,"ToPubliDate":null,"BRefBibLvlCode":"S","SerNotes":null},"monrec":null,"serrec":null,"relations":null,"relationsRev":null,"addrec":null,"othpubs":null,"ownerships":null,"authors":[{"AutName":"Van 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