{"refrec":{"BRefID":100407,"RR":"<b>Kjaer, K.-G.</b> (2005). <i>Belgica</i> in the Arctic. <i>Polar Rec. 41(218)</i>: 205-214. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0032247405004420\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0032247405004420</a>","BEntID":95635,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":0,"wosflag":1,"vabbflag":0,"RefStringPartII":". <i>Polar Rec. 41(218)</i>: 205-214. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0032247405004420\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0032247405004420</a>","DocTypID":8,"DocType":"Journal article","MarineFlag":1,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"Kjaer, K.-G.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"Kjaer, K.-G.","Englishabstract":"<i>Belgica</i>, which Adrien de Gerlache used on the first expedition to winter in the Antarctic, was originally a bottlenose whaler named <i>Patria</i>, built in Norway in 1884. She was designed and constructed by Johan Chr. Jakobsen, renowned for his design of polar ships. <i>Patria</i> was sold to Adrien de Gerlache and renamed <i>Belgica</i> in 1896. In 1896-97 she was refitted and equipped in Sandefjord, Norway, for an Antarctic expedition. Nansen and Amundsen met for the first time on <i>Belgica</i>'s deck. Late in 1899 <i>Belgica</i> returned to Antwerp after more than two years on an Antarctic expedition. From 1901 to 1904 <i>Belgica</i> returned to bottlenose whaling and, in addition, made a voyage to northeast Greenland to establish depots and build houses for the Baldwin-Ziegler Polar Expedition. In 1905 the Duc d'Orléans chartered her to survey the coast of northeast Greenland, and on her return he bought her. In 1907 and 1909 she sailed on Arctic expeditions led by the Duc d'Orléans and captained by de Gerlache. In 1916 she was sold to Det Norske Kulsyndikat and renamed <i>Isfjord</i>. She became a freighter carrying coal from Longyearbyen to ports in northern Norway. In 1918 she was sold and her new owner converted her into a floating cod-liver oil refinery and fish-processing plant. In 1940 she was impounded by British forces and used as a floating ammunition depot. On 19 May 1940 she was sunk during a German air raid. Her wreck was re-discovered in 1990.","AbstractOtherLang":"De Belgica, waarmee Adrien de Gerlache als eerste in Antarctica overwinterde, was oorspronkelijk een walvisvaarder (*), Patria genoemd, gebouwd in Noorwegen in 1884. Zij werd ontworpen en gebouwd door Johan Chr. Jakobsen, bekend voor het ontwerpen van poolschepen. De Patria werd verkocht aan Adrien de Gerlache en herdoopt tot Belgica in 1896. In 1896-97 werd ze opgetuigd en uitgerust in Sandefjord,Noorwegen, voor een expeditie naar Antarctica. Nansen en Amundsen ontmoetten elkaar voor de eerste maal aan boord van de Belgica. In het najaar van 1899 keerde de Belgica naar Antwerpen terug na een expeditie naar Antarctica van meer dan twee jaar. Van 1901 tot 1904 deed de Belgica terug dienst als walvisvaarder en deed daarbij ook nog een reis naar noordoost Groenland om voorraden aan te leggen voor de Baldwin - Ziegler Poolexpeditie. In 1905 charterde de Hertog van Orleans haar om de kust van noordoost Groenland teverkennen, waarna hij het schip kocht. In 1907 en 1909 ging de Belgica op expeditie naar het noordpoolgebied, geleid door de Hertog van Orléans en met de Gerlache als kapitein. In 1916 werd het schip verkocht aan “Det Norske Kulsyndikat” en herdoopt tot Isfjord. Zij werd een vrachtschip voor steenkoolvervoer tussen Longyearbyen en de havens van noordelijk Noorwegen. In 1918 werd ze verkocht en haar nieuwe eigenaar vormde haar om tot een drijvende raffinaderij voor leverolie van kabeljauw en een visverwerkend bedrijf. In 1940 werd het schip opgeëist door het Britse leger en ingezet als een drijvend munitiedepot. Op 19 mei 1940 zonk de Belgica tijdens een Duitse luchtaanval. 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