{"refrec":{"BRefID":105254,"RR":"<b>Harjono, M.; Leemans, E.</b> (2003). Vervuilen loont: organisatie van internationale scheepvaart stimuleert milieuvervuiling op zee. <i>Justitiële verkenn. 29(2)</i>: 58-70","BEntID":100217,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":0,"wosflag":0,"vabbflag":1,"RefStringPartII":". <i>Justitiële verkenn. 29(2)</i>: 58-70","DocTypID":8,"DocType":"Journal article","MarineFlag":1,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"Harjono, M.; Leemans, E.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":1,"Authorstringtrunc":"Harjono, M.; Leemans, E.","Englishabstract":"Discharges of toxic substances from ships, oil tanker disasters and overfishing cause great environmental harm to the world’s oceans and coasts. The companies causing damage to the environment are not being held accountable for their devastating practices. In many cases a company benefits from bringing harm to the marine environment. And in any case it usually does not lead to disadvantages for the polluting party. A mixture of elements such as basic principles applied in the shipping world (notably <i>mare liberum</i> or the right of free passage), and the slim chances of getting caught while polluting, makes this an enduring situation. A major obstacle is that the United Nations International Maritime Organisation (IMO) is not able to ensure an effective protection of the marine environment. Economic forces which automatically maintain the status quo of marine pollution dominate the IMO. As long as the IMO is in the stranglehold of the flags of convenience states, the oceans and coastlines will suffer from the malpractices of unscrupulous ship owners, agents and cargo owners. Radical changes in the fundaments of international maritime law are a prerequisite to solving these problems. In addition, European co-operation that gives priority to the protection of the marine environment may well be the best way to change current polluting practices.","AbstractOtherLang":"In dit artikel willen we duidelijk maken hoe systematische ontduiking tezamen met de grondslagen in het internationaal zeerecht niet alleen een effectieve bescherming van het zeemilieu belemmert, maar de instandhouding van milieuvervuiling bevordert. Eerst wordt een beschrijving gegeven van de manier waarop schepen het zeemilieu vervuilen. Daarna volgt een beschrijving van de grondslagen van het internationaal zeerecht en de implicaties voor het zeemilieu in de 21e eeuw. Daarna gaat het over de beperkte aansprakelijkheid van bedrijven bij milieuschade en volgt een korte beschouwing van regionale oplossingen. Afgesloten wordt met een korte beschrijving van de kansen die Nederland laat liggen om effectief op te treden tegen vervuilers in haar economische zone.","BibLvlCode":"AS","StandardTitle":"Vervuilen loont: organisatie van internationale scheepvaart stimuleert milieuvervuiling op zee","OrigTitleLangCode":"nl","OrigTitleLangCodeExtended":"dut","OrigTitleLangID":41,"DateLastModified":{"date":"2024-12-10 01:33:17.368041","timezone_type":1,"timezone":"+01:00"},"UserAccessRight":null,"UserAccID":null,"AuthorKeywords":null,"OtherDescriptors":null,"Notes":null,"AnaPub":2003,"MonPub":null,"DateUpdate":"2021-03-17","DateCreate":"2006-11-16","SecASFANote":null,"ConfID":null,"PeerRev":1,"VlizCoreFlag":1,"WoScode":null,"VABBcode":null,"OpenAcc":1},"refs":null,"anarec":{"AnaID":105254,"PubliDate":2003,"Pagination":"58-70","XtraPublOfAnaID":null,"ISBN":null,"Volume":"29","Issue":"2","BRefMon":null,"BRefMonRR":null,"BRefXtra":null,"BRefXtraRR":null,"SerBRefID":105244,"SerRR":"Justitiële verkenningen: documentatieblad van het Ministerie van Justitie. Boom: Den Haag; Deventer; Arnhem; 's-Gravenhage.  ISSN 0167-5850","StandardTitleSer":"Justitiële verkenningen: documentatieblad van het Ministerie van Justitie","ISSN":"0167-5850","AbbrevSer":"Justitiële verkenn.","StandardTitleMon":null,"StartPage":58,"Pages":13,"ToPubliDate":null,"BRefBibLvlCode":"S","SerNotes":null},"monrec":null,"serrec":null,"relations":[{"YBRefID":105270,"RefStrFull":"<b>Scheepmaker, M.P.C.; ter Veer, P.B.A.; Klein-Meijer, M.A.V. (Ed.)</b> (2003). Criminaliteit op zee. <i>Justitiële verkenningen: documentatieblad van het Ministerie van Justitie</i>, 29(2). 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