{"refrec":{"BRefID":107835,"RR":"<b>Lambert, A.M.; Winiarski, K.; Casagrande, R.A.</b> (2007). Distribution and impact of exotic gall flies (<i>Lipara</i> sp.) on native and exotic <i>Phragmites australis</i>. <i>Aquat. Bot. 86(2)</i>: 163-170. <a href=\"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aquabot.2006.09.017\" target=\"_blank\">http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aquabot.2006.09.017</a>","BEntID":102632,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":1,"wosflag":1,"vabbflag":null,"RefStringPartII":". <i>Aquat. Bot. 86(2)</i>: 163-170. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aquabot.2006.09.017\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aquabot.2006.09.017</a>","DocTypID":8,"DocType":"Journal article","MarineFlag":1,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"Lambert, A.M.; Winiarski, K.; Casagrande, R.A.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"Lambert, A.M. <i>et al.</i>","Englishabstract":"Two exotic gall fly species infest stems of native and exotic <i>Phragmites australis</i> (Cav.) Trin. ex Steudel in northeastern North America. In this study, we determined the distribution of <i>Lipara similis</i> Schiner and <i>L. rufitarsis</i> Loew in native and exotic <i>P. australis</i> in Rhode Island. We also studied the within-stand distributions of each fly species and their effects on flowering of native and exotic <i>P. australis</i>. We collected stems from populations throughout southern Rhode Island and measured stem length and diameter, and percent flowering. Stems were then dissected to determine <i>Lipara</i> infestation. <i>L. similis</i> and <i>L. rufitarsis</i> were found throughout Rhode Island infesting both native and exotic <i>P. australis</i>, but their presence and abundance varied among sites. Within stands, <i>L. similis</i> infests the taller, thicker interior stems and <i>L. rufitarsis</i> infests the shorter, thinner exterior stems. <i>Lipara similis</i> reduces stem length by 6%; <i>L. rufitarsis</i> infestation reduces stem length by 37%. The flowering rate of uninfested stems is significantly lower in native <i>P. australis</i> stems than in exotic stems. Both <i>Lipara</i> species prevent infested stems from flowering. In adjacent stands of native and exotic <i>P. australis</i>, <i>L. rufitarsis</i> infests significantly more native stems than exotic stems, possibly further reducing the reproductive potential of the native plants relative to the exotic. <i>Lipara</i> species may play a role in facilitating the displacement of native <i>P. australis</i> by the exotic genotype.","AbstractOtherLang":null,"BibLvlCode":"AS","StandardTitle":"Distribution and impact of exotic gall flies (<i>Lipara</i> sp.) on native and exotic <i>Phragmites australis</i>","OrigTitleLangCode":"en","OrigTitleLangCodeExtended":"eng","OrigTitleLangID":15,"DateLastModified":{"date":"2024-12-10 01:33:17.368041","timezone_type":1,"timezone":"+01:00"},"UserAccessRight":null,"UserAccID":null,"AuthorKeywords":"Phragmites australis; Lipara similis; Lipara rufitarsis; haplotype;invasive species; native species displacement; gall fly","OtherDescriptors":null,"Notes":null,"AnaPub":2007,"MonPub":null,"DateUpdate":"2018-05-17","DateCreate":"2007-02-20","SecASFANote":null,"ConfID":null,"PeerRev":1,"VlizCoreFlag":1,"WoScode":"WOS:000243823000009","VABBcode":null,"OpenAcc":0,"DOI":"10.1016/j.aquabot.2006.09.017"},"refs":null,"anarec":{"AnaID":107835,"PubliDate":2007,"Pagination":"163-170","XtraPublOfAnaID":null,"ISBN":null,"Volume":"86","Issue":"2","BRefMon":null,"BRefMonRR":null,"BRefXtra":null,"BRefXtraRR":null,"SerBRefID":42195,"SerRR":"Aquatic Botany. 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