{"refrec":{"BRefID":107945,"RR":"<b>Craig, P.; Birkeland, C.; Belliveau, S.</b> (2001). High temperatures tolerated by a diverse assemblage of shallow-water corals in American Samoa. <i>Coral Reefs 20(2)</i>: 185-189","BEntID":102740,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":0,"wosflag":1,"vabbflag":null,"RefStringPartII":". <i>Coral Reefs 20(2)</i>: 185-189","DocTypID":8,"DocType":"Journal article","MarineFlag":1,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"Craig, P.; Birkeland, C.; Belliveau, S.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"Craig, P. <i>et al.</i>","Englishabstract":"Corals in shallow waters are subjected to widely fluctuating temperatures on a daily basis. Using continuous temperature recordings, we examined the temperature regime in one such area, a backreef moat with low tide depths of 1-2 m on Ofu Island in American Samoa. The moat supports a high diversity of 85 coral species [H'<sub>(log2)</sub> = 3.37] with 25-26% live coral coverage. In one section of the moat, a 4,000-m<sup>2</sup> pool inhabited by 52 coral species, the mean summer temperature was 29.3 degree C, but daily temperatures fluctuated up to 6.3 degree C and briefly reached a peak of 34.5 degree C. The duration of hot water events, e.g., greater than or equal to 32 degree C, averaged 2.4 h per event (maximum 5 h) and occurred on 35 summer days, although daily mean temperatures did not exceed 30.5 degree C and were generally within 0.5 degree C of that occurring outside the moat at an exposed coastal area. 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