{"refrec":{"BRefID":111771,"RR":"<b>Gypens, N.; Lacroix, G.; Lancelot, C.</b> (2007). Causes of variability in diatom and <i>Phaeocystis</i> blooms in Belgian coastal waters between 1989 and 2003: a model study. <i>J. Sea Res. 57(1)</i>: 19-35. <a href=\"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.seares.2006.07.004\" target=\"_blank\">dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.seares.2006.07.004</a>","BEntID":106388,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":0,"wosflag":1,"vabbflag":null,"RefStringPartII":". <i>J. Sea Res. 57(1)</i>: 19-35. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.seares.2006.07.004\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.seares.2006.07.004</a>","DocTypID":8,"DocType":"Journal article","MarineFlag":1,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"Gypens, N.; Lacroix, G.; Lancelot, C.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"Gypens, N. <i>et al.</i>","Englishabstract":"Massive blooms of <i>Phaeocystis </i> colonies usually occur in the Belgian coastal zone (BCZ) between spring and summer diatom blooms but their relative magnitude varies between years. In order to understand this interannual variability, we used the biogeochemical MIRO model to explore the link between diatom and <i>Phaeocystis</i> blooms and changing nutrient loads and meteorological conditions over the last decade. For this application, MIRO was implemented in a simplified 3-box representation of the domain between the Baie de Seine and the BCZ. MIRO was run over the 1989-2003 period using actual photosynthetic active radiation (PAR), seawater temperature and riverine nutrient loads as forcing. The water mass residence time was calculated for each box based on a monthly water budget estimated from 1993-2003 water flow simulations of the three-dimensional hydrodynamical model COHSNS-3D. Overall MIRO simulations compare fairly well with nutrient and phytoplankton data collected in the central BCZ but indicate the importance of the hydrodynamical resolution frame for correctly describing the extremely high nutrient concentrations and biomass observed in the BCZ. Analysis of model results suggests that while interannual variability in diatom biomass depends on both meteorological conditions (light and temperature) and nutrient loads, Phaeocystis blooms are mainly controlled by nutrients. Further sensitivity tests with varying N and P loads suggest that only N reduction will result in significantly decreased <i>Phaeocystis</i> blooms without negative affects on diatoms, while P reduction will negatively affect diatoms. Moreover, Atlantic nutrient loads play such a great role in BCZ enrichment that reduction of Scheldt nutrient loads only is not sufficient to significantly decrease phytoplankton blooms in the BCZ. It is concluded that future nutrient reduction policies aimed to decrease <i>Phaeocystis</i> blooms in the BCZ without impacting diatoms should target the decrease of N loads in both the Seine and the Scheldt rivers.","AbstractOtherLang":null,"BibLvlCode":"AS","StandardTitle":"Causes of variability in diatom and <i>Phaeocystis</i> blooms in Belgian coastal waters between 1989 and 2003: a model study","OrigTitleLangCode":"en","OrigTitleLangCodeExtended":"eng","OrigTitleLangID":15,"DateLastModified":{"date":"2025-07-02 08:33:14.980000","timezone_type":1,"timezone":"+00:00"},"UserAccessRight":null,"UserAccID":null,"AuthorKeywords":"North Sea; eutrophication; Phaeocystis; diatoms; ecological modelling; interannual variability","OtherDescriptors":null,"Notes":null,"AnaPub":2007,"MonPub":null,"DateUpdate":"2013-01-10","DateCreate":"2007-07-23","SecASFANote":null,"ConfID":null,"PeerRev":1,"VlizCoreFlag":1,"WoScode":"WOS:000243609600002","VABBcode":null,"OpenAcc":0,"DOI":"10.1016/j.seares.2006.07.004"},"refs":null,"anarec":{"AnaID":111771,"PubliDate":2007,"Pagination":"19-35","XtraPublOfAnaID":null,"ISBN":null,"Volume":"57","Issue":"1","BRefMon":null,"BRefMonRR":null,"BRefXtra":null,"BRefXtraRR":null,"SerBRefID":43261,"SerRR":"Journal of Sea Research. Elsevier/Netherlands Institute for Sea Research: Amsterdam; Den Burg.  ISSN 1385-1101; e-ISSN 1873-1414","StandardTitleSer":"Journal of Sea Research","ISSN":"1385-1101","AbbrevSer":"J. Sea Res.","StandardTitleMon":null,"StartPage":19,"Pages":17,"ToPubliDate":null,"BRefBibLvlCode":"S","SerNotes":null},"monrec":null,"serrec":null,"relations":null,"relationsRev":null,"addrec":{"Line1":"Université Libre de Bruxelles, Ecologie des Systèmes Aquatiques","Email":"ngypens@ulb.ac.be","Line2":"Campus de la Plaine, Accés 3 - CP221, Bâtiment A, local 1A3 207, Boulevard du Thriomphe, 1050 Bruxelles","EnvName":"Belgium"},"othpubs":null,"ownerships":null,"authors":[{"AutName":"Gypens","Firstname":"Nathalie","Initials":"N.","Affiliation":"Université Libre de Bruxelles, Ecologie des Systèmes Aquatiques","Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":106388,"AutID":132825,"OrderNr":1,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":"ESA","InsFSN":"Université Libre de Bruxelles; École Interfacultaire de Bioingénieurs; Laboratoire d'Écologie des Systèmes Aquatiques","ORCID":null,"PersID":3899,"InsID":2404},{"AutName":"Lacroix","Firstname":"Geneviève","Initials":"G.","Affiliation":"Management Unit of the North Sea Mathematical Models , Royal Belgian Institute for Natural Sciences","Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":106388,"AutID":136124,"OrderNr":2,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":"BMM","InsFSN":"Koninklijk Belgisch Instituut voor Natuurwetenschappen; Operationele Directie Natuurlijk Milieu; Beheerseenheid Mathematisch Model Noordzee en Schelde-estuarium","ORCID":"0000-0002-3227-0000","PersID":3191,"InsID":4691},{"AutName":"Lancelot","Firstname":"Christiane","Initials":"C.","Affiliation":"Université Libre de Bruxelles, Ecologie des Systèmes Aquatiques","Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":106388,"AutID":132824,"OrderNr":3,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":"ESA","InsFSN":"Université Libre de Bruxelles; École Interfacultaire de Bioingénieurs; Laboratoire d'Écologie des Systèmes Aquatiques","ORCID":null,"PersID":197,"InsID":2404}],"mapdetails":null,"datasets":null,"monographs":null,"monparts":null,"serparts":null,"BEntOpen":null,"BEntPrivate":null,"availability":[{"BInstID":122422,"LibID":36,"BRefID":111771,"EmbargoDate":null,"FullEmbargoDate":null,"PhysMedID":16,"hasOCRd":1,"ShelfLocCode":"122422","RFID":null,"PaidValue":null,"Medium":"Server","Description":null,"Acronym":"VLIZ","Library":"Vlaams Instituut voor de Zee","DutchTerm":"Open Marien Archief","URL":null,"ClassifID":235,"Classification":"Open Marine Archive","ReqLink":null,"ClassifTypID":5,"URLLocation":"https://www.vliz.be/imisdocs/publications/","SubDir":0,"InternalReq":0,"LoggedInReq":0,"Disclaimer":"Disclaimer_OMA","DutchDisclaimer":null,"FileFormat":".pdf","FileDescr":"pdf","InsPub":1,"InsID":36,"FileFormID":6,"LendableFlag":1,"PublicFlag":1,"orderLib":"A","Notes":null,"AccConID":null,"AccessConstraint":null,"LicURL":null}],"litstyles":null,"thespers":null,"arch2discl":null,"SERpubls":[{"PublName":"Elsevier","City":"Amsterdam; Den Burg"},{"PublName":"Netherlands Institute for Sea Research","City":"Amsterdam; Den Burg"}],"MONpubls":null,"pictures":[],"thestermsPath":[{"ThesaurusTerm":"Diatoms","ThestID":2303,"Acronym":"ASFA","ThesTermPath":"Algae > Diatoms"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Algal blooms","ThestID":264,"Acronym":"ASFA","ThesTermPath":"Algal blooms"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Belgium, Schelde R.","ThestID":183117,"Acronym":"ASFA_GEOT","ThesTermPath":"Belgium, Schelde R."},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Eutrophication","ThestID":2932,"Acronym":"ASFA","ThesTermPath":"Eutrophication"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Modelling","ThestID":5269,"Acronym":"ASFA","ThesTermPath":"Modelling"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Annual variations","ThestID":418,"Acronym":"ASFA","ThesTermPath":"Temporal variations > Periodic variations > Annual variations"}],"thestermsASFA":[{"ThesaurusTerm":"Algal blooms"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Annual variations"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Belgium, Schelde R."},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Diatoms"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Eutrophication"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Modelling"}],"taxtermsASFA":[{"TaxTerm":"Bacillariophyceae"},{"TaxTerm":"Phaeocystis"}],"geotermsASFA":[{"GeoTerm":"Belgian Continental Shelf (BCS)"},{"GeoTerm":"Schelde"}],"collections":[{"Collection":"ISECA","ShortName":"ISECA"},{"Collection":"OMA - Open Marien Archief","ShortName":"OMA"},{"Collection":"ScheldeMonitor","ShortName":"scheldemonitor"}],"conf":null,"proj":null,"Physdatasets":null,"spcols":{"222":{"SpName":"BMB - Belgische Mariene Bibliografie","SpColID":222,"ParSpColID":null,"TopParID":null,"ShortName":"BMB","URLLocation":null,"LibID":36,"OpenRepoFlag":null,"SpTypID":null,"TopParIDNotWebsite":null,"SpColPath":"BMB"},"867":{"SpName":"IMIS themes","SpColID":867,"ParSpColID":null,"TopParID":null,"ShortName":"IMIS themes","URLLocation":null,"LibID":null,"OpenRepoFlag":null,"SpTypID":null,"TopParIDNotWebsite":null,"SpColPath":"IMIS themes"},"678":{"SpName":"ISECA","SpColID":678,"ParSpColID":null,"TopParID":null,"ShortName":"ISECA","URLLocation":null,"LibID":null,"OpenRepoFlag":null,"SpTypID":null,"TopParIDNotWebsite":null,"SpColPath":"ISECA"},"221":{"SpName":"OMA - Open Marien Archief","SpColID":221,"ParSpColID":null,"TopParID":null,"ShortName":"OMA","URLLocation":null,"LibID":36,"OpenRepoFlag":1,"SpTypID":null,"TopParIDNotWebsite":null,"SpColPath":"OMA"},"639":{"SpName":"Physics and chemistry","SpColID":639,"ParSpColID":867,"TopParID":867,"ShortName":"Fysicochemie","URLLocation":null,"LibID":null,"OpenRepoFlag":null,"SpTypID":null,"TopParIDNotWebsite":867,"SpColPath":"IMIS themes/Fysicochemie"},"27":{"SpName":"ScheldeMonitor","SpColID":27,"ParSpColID":null,"TopParID":null,"ShortName":"scheldemonitor","URLLocation":null,"LibID":null,"OpenRepoFlag":null,"SpTypID":null,"TopParIDNotWebsite":null,"SpColPath":"scheldemonitor"}},"doi":null,"publs":null,"serparttypes":null,"monauthors":null,"MParts":null,"SParts":null,"hLibs":null,"langs":[{"BEntID":106388,"AbstractFlag":-1,"LangID":15,"LangCode":"en","Lang":"English","DutchTerm":"Engels","LangCodeExtended":"eng"},{"BEntID":106388,"AbstractFlag":0,"LangID":15,"LangCode":"en","Lang":"English","DutchTerm":"Engels","LangCodeExtended":"eng"}],"urls":[{"URL":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.seares.2006.07.004","externalID":"10.1016/j.seares.2006.07.004","URLTypeCode":"DOI","URLID":7828,"URLTypID":13,"URLType":"DOI","URLPrefix":"http://dx.doi.org/"}],"thesterms":[{"ThesaurusTerm":"Algal blooms","ThestID":264,"Acronym":"ASFA","ThesTypID":1,"ThesType":"ASFA Thesaurus List"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Annual variations","ThestID":418,"Acronym":"ASFA","ThesTypID":1,"ThesType":"ASFA Thesaurus List"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Belgium, Schelde R.","ThestID":183117,"Acronym":"ASFA_GEOT","ThesTypID":34,"ThesType":"ASFA Geoterms"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Diatoms","ThestID":2303,"Acronym":"ASFA","ThesTypID":1,"ThesType":"ASFA Thesaurus List"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Eutrophication","ThestID":2932,"Acronym":"ASFA","ThesTypID":1,"ThesType":"ASFA Thesaurus List"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Modelling","ThestID":5269,"Acronym":"ASFA","ThesTypID":1,"ThesType":"ASFA Thesaurus List"}],"taxterms":[{"TaxTerm":"Bacillariophyceae [Featherlike diatoms]","AphiaID":148899,"TaxtID":23923},{"TaxTerm":"Phaeocystis","AphiaID":115088,"TaxtID":23381}],"geoterms":[{"GeoTerm":"Belgian Continental Shelf (BCS)","GeoObjectID":3293,"GeotID":6235},{"GeoTerm":"Schelde","GeoObjectID":2542,"GeotID":1401}],"othterms":[{"OtherTerm":"Ecological modelling","OthtID":1391}],"asfacodes":[{"Code":1481,"QCode":"Q1"}],"asfa2codes":null,"thestermsFRIS":[{"ThesaurusTerm":"Algal blooms","DutchTerm":"Algenbloei","ThestID":264,"Acronym":"ASFA","ThesTypID":1,"ThesType":"ASFA Thesaurus List"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Annual variations","DutchTerm":"Jaarlijkse variaties","ThestID":418,"Acronym":"ASFA","ThesTypID":1,"ThesType":"ASFA Thesaurus List"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Belgium, Schelde R.","DutchTerm":null,"ThestID":183117,"Acronym":"ASFA_GEOT","ThesTypID":34,"ThesType":"ASFA Geoterms"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Diatoms","DutchTerm":"Diatomeeën","ThestID":2303,"Acronym":"ASFA","ThesTypID":1,"ThesType":"ASFA Thesaurus List"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Eutrophication","DutchTerm":"Eutrofiëring","ThestID":2932,"Acronym":"ASFA","ThesTypID":1,"ThesType":"ASFA Thesaurus List"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Modelling","DutchTerm":"Modellering","ThestID":5269,"Acronym":"ASFA","ThesTypID":1,"ThesType":"ASFA Thesaurus List"}],"taxtermsFRIS":[{"TaxTerm":"Bacillariophyceae","DutchTerm":null,"AphiaID":148899,"TaxtID":23923},{"TaxTerm":"Phaeocystis","DutchTerm":"Bruine slijmalg","AphiaID":115088,"TaxtID":23381}],"geotermsFRIS":[{"GeoTerm":"Belgian Continental Shelf (BCS)","DutchTerm":"Belgisch Continentaal Plat (BCP)"},{"GeoTerm":"Schelde","DutchTerm":"Schelde R."}],"othtermsFRIS":[{"OtherTerm":"Ecological modelling","DutchTerm":null,"OthtID":1391}],"resmessage":"","complete":1,"sessions":{"newSesName":"Haspeslagh, Jan, J.","newSesDate":{"date":"2007-07-23 10:44:16.450000","timezone_type":3,"timezone":"Europe/Brussels"},"updSesName":"Bouchti, Zohra, Z.","updSesDate":{"date":"2013-01-10 08:38:24.897000","timezone_type":3,"timezone":"Europe/Brussels"}}}