{"refrec":{"BRefID":111863,"RR":"<b>Nicholls, R.J.; Klein, R.J.T.</b> (2005). Climate change and coastal management on Europe's coast, <b><i>in</i></b>: Vermaat, J.E. <i>et al.</i> (Ed.) <i>Managing European coasts: past, present and future.</i> pp. 199-226. <a href=\"http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-27150-3_11\" target=\"_blank\">dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-27150-3_11</a>","BEntID":106481,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":0,"wosflag":null,"vabbflag":null,"RefStringPartII":", <b><i>in</i></b>: Vermaat, J.E. <i>et al.</i> <i>Managing European coasts: Past, present and future. Environmental Science Series,</i> : pp. 199-226. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-27150-3_11\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-27150-3_11</a>","DocTypID":17,"DocType":"Book chapters","MarineFlag":1,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"Nicholls, R.J.; Klein, R.J.T.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"Nicholls, R.J.; Klein, R.J.T.","Englishabstract":"Climate change and sea-level rise due to human emissions of greenhouse gases is expected to accelerate through the 21st Century. Even given substantial reductions in these emissions, sea-level rise will probably be significant through the 21st Century and beyond. This poses a major challenge to long-term coastal management. While Europe has a high adaptive capacity, climate change will produce problems that have not been faced previously, and solutions need to be reconciled with the wider goals of coastal management. A recent European survey of the current response to sea-level rise and climate change shows a few countries engaged in proactive planning, while most are ignoring the issue, or only beginning to recognise its significance. While a proactive response should minimise the actual impacts and need for reactive responses, ignoring sea-level rise and climate change will almost certainly increase vulnerability.","AbstractOtherLang":null,"BibLvlCode":"AMS","StandardTitle":"Climate change and coastal management on Europe's coast","OrigTitleLangCode":"en","OrigTitleLangCodeExtended":"eng","OrigTitleLangID":15,"DateLastModified":{"date":"2025-07-08 01:30:54.878808","timezone_type":1,"timezone":"+02:00"},"UserAccessRight":null,"UserAccID":null,"AuthorKeywords":null,"OtherDescriptors":null,"Notes":null,"AnaPub":2005,"MonPub":null,"DateUpdate":"2007-07-25","DateCreate":"2007-07-25","SecASFANote":null,"ConfID":null,"PeerRev":0,"VlizCoreFlag":1,"WoScode":"WOS:000228805400011","VABBcode":null,"OpenAcc":0,"DOI":"10.1007/3-540-27150-3_11"},"refs":null,"anarec":{"AnaID":111863,"PubliDate":2005,"Pagination":"199-226","XtraPublOfAnaID":null,"ISBN":"3-540-23454-3","Volume":null,"Issue":null,"BRefMon":111796,"BRefMonRR":"<b>Vermaat, J.E. <i>et al.</i></b> (2005). 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