{"refrec":{"BRefID":112871,"RR":"<b>Shimonaga, T.; Fujiwara, S.; Kaneko, M.; Izumo, A.; Nihei, S.; Francisco Jr., P.B.; Satoh, A.; Fujita, N.; Nakamura, Y.; Tsuzuki, M.</b> (2007). Variation in storage α-polyglucans of red algae: amylose and semi-amylopectin types in <i>Porphyridium</i> and glycogen type in <i>Cyanidium</i>. <i>Mar. Biotechnol. 9(2)</i>: 192-202. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10126-006-6104-7\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10126-006-6104-7</a>","BEntID":107436,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":1,"wosflag":1,"vabbflag":0,"RefStringPartII":". <i>Mar. Biotechnol. 9(2)</i>: 192-202. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10126-006-6104-7\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10126-006-6104-7</a>","DocTypID":8,"DocType":"Journal article","MarineFlag":1,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"Shimonaga, T.; Fujiwara, S.; Kaneko, M.; Izumo, A.; Nihei, S.; Francisco Jr., P.B.; Satoh, A.; Fujita, N.; Nakamura, Y.; Tsuzuki, M.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"Shimonaga, T. <i>et al.</i>","Englishabstract":"Red algae are widely known to produce floridean starch but it remains unclear whether the molecular structure of this algal polyglucan is distinct from that of the starch synthesized by vascular plants and green algae. The present study shows that the unicellular species <i>Porphyridium purpureum</i> R-1 (order Porphyridiales, class Bangiophyceae) produces both amylopectin-type and amylose-type α-polyglucans. In contrast, <i>Cyanidium caldarium</i> (order Porphyridiales, class Bangiophyceae) synthesizes glycogen-type polyglucan, but not amylose. Detailed analysis of α-1,4-chain length distribution of <i>P. purpureum</i> polyglucan suggests that the branched polyglucan has a less ordered structure, referred to as semi-amylopectin, as compared with amylopectin of rice endosperm having a tandem-cluster structure. The <i>P. purpureum</i> linear amylose-type polyglucan, which has a λ<sub>max</sub> of 630 nm typical of amylose-iodine complex and is resistant to <i>Pseudomonas</i> isoamylase digestion, accounts for less than 10% of the total polyglucans. We produced and isolated a cDNA encoding a granule-bound starch synthase (GBSS)-type protein of <i>P. purpureum</i>, which is probably the approximately 60-kDa protein bound tightly to the starch granules, resembling the amylose-synthesizing GBSS protein of green plants. 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