{"refrec":{"BRefID":114718,"RR":"<b>Soltanian, S.; Dhont, J.; Sorgeloos, P.; Bossier, P.</b> (2007). Influence of different yeast cell-wall mutants on performance and protection against pathogenic bacteria (<i>Vibrio campbellii</i>) in gnotobiotically-grown <i>Artemia</i>. <i>Fish Shellfish Immunol. 23(1)</i>: 141-153. <a href=\"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fsi.2006.09.013\" target=\"_blank\">dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fsi.2006.09.013</a>","BEntID":109113,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":0,"wosflag":1,"vabbflag":1,"RefStringPartII":". <i>Fish Shellfish Immunol. 23(1)</i>: 141-153. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fsi.2006.09.013\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fsi.2006.09.013</a>","DocTypID":8,"DocType":"Journal article","MarineFlag":1,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"Soltanian, S.; Dhont, J.; Sorgeloos, P.; Bossier, P.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"Soltanian, S. <i>et al.</i>","Englishabstract":"A selection of isogenic yeast strains (with deletion for genes involved in cell-wall synthesis) was used to evaluate their nutritional and immunostimulatory characteristics for gnotobiotically-grown <i>Artemia</i>. In the first set of experiments the nutritional value of isogenic yeast strains (effected in mannoproteins, glucan, chitin and cell-wall bound protein synthesis) for gnotobiotically-grown <i>Artemia</i> was studied. Yeast cell-wall mutants were always better feed for <i>Artemia</i> than the isogenic wild type mainly because they supported a higher survival but not a stronger individual growth. The difference in <i>Artemia</i> performance between WT and mutants feeding was reduced when stationary-phase grown cells were used. These results suggest that any mutation affecting the yeast cell-wall make-up is sufficient to improve the digestibility in <i>Artemia</i>. The second set of experiments, investigates the use of a small amount of yeast cells in gnotobiotic <i>Artemia</i> to overcome pathogenicity of <i>Vibrio campbellii</i> (VC). Among all yeast cell strains used in this study, only mnn9 yeast (less cell-wall bound mannoproteins and more glucan and chitin) seems to completely protect <i>Artemia</i> against the pathogen. Incomplete protection against the pathogen was obtained by the gas1 and chs3 mutants, which are lacking the gene for a particular cell-wall protein and chitin synthesis, respectively, resulting in more glucan. The result with the chs3 mutant is of particular interest, as its nutritional value for <i>Artemia</i> is comparable to the wild type. Hence, only with the chs3 strain, in contrast to the gas1 or mnn9 strains, the temporary protection to VC is not concomitant with a better growth performance under non-challenged conditions, suggesting non-interference of general nutritional effects. 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