{"refrec":{"BRefID":117697,"RR":"<b>Charlier, J.</b> (1988). Historique de la navigation jusqu'en 1958, <b><i>in</i></b>: <i>L'accès maritime au Zaïre: symposium, Bruxelles, 5 décembre 1986 = Maritieme toegang tot Zaïre: symposium, Brussel, 5 december 1986.</i> pp. 43-52","BEntID":111999,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":0,"wosflag":null,"vabbflag":null,"RefStringPartII":", <b><i>in</i></b>: <i>L'accès maritime au Zaïre: symposium, Bruxelles, 5 décembre 1986 = Maritieme toegang tot Zaïre: symposium, Brussel, 5 december 1986.</i> pp. 43-52","DocTypID":17,"DocType":"Book chapters","MarineFlag":0,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"Charlier, J.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"Charlier, J.","Englishabstract":null,"AbstractOtherLang":"Historiek van de scheepvaart tot 1958. - De eerste inlichtingen over het estuarium van de Zaïre komen van de Portugese zeevaarders in de XVde eeuw. Tot het einde van de XIXde eeuw was de cheepvaart zeer sporadisch ; het is maar vanaf de oprichting van de Onafhankelijke Kongostaat dat het estuarium van de Zaïre regelmatig bevaren werd. Tot in 1925 hebben de schepen de vaargeulen gebruikt in hun strikt natuurlijke staat; in die periode werd een eerste grote onderneming door baggerwerk verwezenlijkt naar een projekt van hydrograaf isot. Tussen 1930 en 1958 werden de vaargeulen systematisch bestudeerd en verbeterd door baggerwerk; de diepten werden geleidelijk tot 30 voet gebracht in 1953. De laatste jaren van de besproken periode zijn gekenmerkt door een onafgebroken strijd om deze diepten te behouden en dit met een betrekkelijk sukses . Tijdens diezelfde periode stellen we een begin van degradatie vast, die daarna verergerde.","BibLvlCode":"AM","StandardTitle":"Historique de la navigation jusqu'en 1958","OrigTitleLangCode":"fr","OrigTitleLangCodeExtended":"fre","OrigTitleLangID":22,"DateLastModified":{"date":"2024-12-10 01:33:17.368041","timezone_type":1,"timezone":"+01:00"},"UserAccessRight":null,"UserAccID":null,"AuthorKeywords":null,"OtherDescriptors":null,"Notes":null,"AnaPub":1988,"MonPub":null,"DateUpdate":"2011-10-20","DateCreate":"2007-12-07","SecASFANote":null,"ConfID":null,"PeerRev":null,"VlizCoreFlag":1,"WoScode":null,"VABBcode":null,"OpenAcc":0},"refs":null,"anarec":{"AnaID":117697,"PubliDate":1988,"Pagination":"43-52","XtraPublOfAnaID":null,"ISBN":null,"Volume":null,"Issue":null,"BRefMon":83376,"BRefMonRR":"(1988). L'accès maritime au Zaïre: symposium, Bruxelles, 5 décembre 1986 = Maritieme toegang tot Zaïre: symposium, Brussel, 5 december 1986. 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