{"refrec":{"BRefID":124851,"RR":"<b>Hashimoto, T.; Hyodoh, K.; Hirose, T.; Nishikawa, S.; Katano, T.; Nakano, S.-i.</b> (2008). Evaluation of three phytoplankton species as food for the pearl oyster <i>Pinctada fucata</i>. <i>Aquacult. Int. 16(4)</i>: 309-318. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10499-007-9144-8\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10499-007-9144-8</a>","BEntID":119036,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":1,"wosflag":1,"vabbflag":1,"RefStringPartII":". <i>Aquacult. Int. 16(4)</i>: 309-318. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10499-007-9144-8\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10499-007-9144-8</a>","DocTypID":8,"DocType":"Journal article","MarineFlag":1,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"Hashimoto, T.; Hyodoh, K.; Hirose, T.; Nishikawa, S.; Katano, T.; Nakano, S.-i.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"Hashimoto, T. <i>et al.</i>","Englishabstract":"In the pearl cultivation farms of the Ehime Prefecture, Japan, mass mortalities of the pearl oyster <i>Pinctada fucata</i> have occurred since 1994. The occurrences of mass mortality roughly coincided with a shift of the dominant phytoplankton from <i>Skeletonema</i> and <i>Chaetoceros</i> to <i>Chaetoceros</i> and <i>Nitzschia</i> all of which belong to Bacillariophyceae. Hence, we evaluated <i>Nitzschia</i>, together with <i>Chaetoceros</i> and <i>Isocrysis</i>, as food for the oyster. Wet weights, lengths, widths, glycogen contents, and growth rates in terms of wet weight of the oysters in all the feeding treatments were significantly higher than those in the non-feeding treatment. The highest glycogen content (2.34%) and growth rate (2.21 g month<sup>-1</sup>) were found in the <i>Chaetoceros</i> treatment. Growth rate in the Isocrysis treatment (1.63 g month<sup>-1</sup>) was also high, although glycogen content in this treatment (0.41%) was low. In the <i>Nitzschia</i> treatment, growth rate of the oyster (0.94 g month<sup>-1</sup>) was the lowest and glycogen content (0.83%) was also low relative to that in the <i>Chaetoceros</i> treatment. Chlorophyll a concentration in fecal pellets was lowest in the <i>Nitzschia</i> treatment (<2.7 µg mg<sup>-1</sup>), suggesting more complete digestion of <i>Nitzschia</i> by the oyster. Thus, <i>Nitzschia</i> was edible and digestible but not assimilated by <i>P. fucata</i>. We propose the following scenario for the relationship between <i>Nitzschia</i> dominance and mass mortality. When <i>Nitzschia</i> dominates in a culture area, the physiological condition of <i>P. fucata</i> deteriorates due to low assimilation of <i>Nitzschia</i> by the oyster, followed by susceptibility of the oyster to infection by agents lethal to the oyster. 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