{"refrec":{"BRefID":126557,"RR":"<b>Phuoc, L.H.; Corteel, M.; Nauwynck, H.J.; Pensaert, M.B.; Alday-Sanz, V.; Van Den Broeck, W.; Sorgeloos, P.; Bossier, P.</b> (2008). Increased susceptibility of white spot syndrome virus-infected <i>Litopenaeus vannamei</i> to <i>Vibrio campbellii</i>. <i>Environ. Microbiol. 10(10)</i>: 2718-2727. <a href=\"http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1462-2920.2008.01692.x\" target=\"_blank\">dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1462-2920.2008.01692.x</a>","BEntID":120639,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":1,"wosflag":1,"vabbflag":1,"RefStringPartII":". <i>Environ. Microbiol. 10(10)</i>: 2718-2727. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1462-2920.2008.01692.x\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1462-2920.2008.01692.x</a>","DocTypID":8,"DocType":"Journal article","MarineFlag":1,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"Phuoc, L.H.; Corteel, M.; Nauwynck, H.J.; Pensaert, M.B.; Alday-Sanz, V.; Van Den Broeck, W.; Sorgeloos, P.; Bossier, P.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"Phuoc, L.H. <i>et al.</i>","Englishabstract":"The concept of polymicrobial disease is well accepted in human and veterinary medicine but has received very little attention in the field of aquaculture. This study was conducted to investigate the synergistic effect of white spot syndrome virus (<i>WSSV</i>) and Vibrio campbellii on development of disease in specific pathogen-free (SPF) shrimp <i>Litopenaeus vannamei</i>. The juvenile shrimp were first injected with <i>WSSV</i> at a dose of 30 SID<sub>50</sub> shrimp<sup>-1</sup> (SID<sub>5</sub> = shrimp infectious dose with 50% endpoint) and 24 h later with 106 colony-forming units (cfu) of <i>V. campbellii</i> shrimp<sup>-1</sup>. Controls receiving just one of the pathogens or negative inocula were included. In the treatment with <i>WSSV</i> only, shrimp started to die at 48-108 h post injection (hpi) and cumulative mortality reached 100% at 268-336 hpi. In the treatment with only <i>V. campbellii</i> injection (106 cfu shrimp-1), cumulative mortality reached 16.7%. Shrimp in the dual treatment died very quickly after <i>V. campbellii</i> injection and 100% cumulative mortality was obtained at 72-96 hpi. When <i>WSSV</i>-injected shrimp were given sonicated <i>V. campbellii</i> instead of live <i>V. campbellii</i>, no synergistic effect was observed. Density of <i>V. campbellii</i> in the haemolymph of co-infected moribund shrimp collected 10 h after <i>V. campbellii</i> injection was significantly higher than in shrimp injected with <i>V. campbellii</i> only (P < 0.01). However, there was no difference in <i>WSSV</i> replication between shrimp inoculated with <i>WSSV</i> only compared with dually inoculated ones. This study revealed that prior infection with <i>WSSV</i> enhances the multiplication and disease inducing capacity of <i>V. campbellii</i> in shrimp.","AbstractOtherLang":null,"BibLvlCode":"AS","StandardTitle":"Increased susceptibility of white spot syndrome virus-infected <i>Litopenaeus vannamei</i> to <i>Vibrio campbellii</i>","OrigTitleLangCode":"en","OrigTitleLangCodeExtended":"eng","OrigTitleLangID":15,"DateLastModified":{"date":"2024-12-10 01:33:17.368041","timezone_type":1,"timezone":"+01:00"},"UserAccessRight":null,"UserAccID":null,"AuthorKeywords":null,"OtherDescriptors":null,"Notes":null,"AnaPub":2008,"MonPub":null,"DateUpdate":"2014-10-09","DateCreate":"2008-10-02","SecASFANote":null,"ConfID":null,"PeerRev":1,"VlizCoreFlag":1,"WoScode":"WOS:000259147900022","VABBcode":null,"OpenAcc":0,"DOI":"10.1111/j.1462-2920.2008.01692.x"},"refs":null,"anarec":{"AnaID":126557,"PubliDate":2008,"Pagination":"2718-2727","XtraPublOfAnaID":null,"ISBN":null,"Volume":"10","Issue":"10","BRefMon":null,"BRefMonRR":null,"BRefXtra":null,"BRefXtraRR":null,"SerBRefID":59926,"SerRR":"Environmental Microbiology. 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