{"refrec":{"BRefID":128645,"RR":"<b>Lock, K.; De Schamphelaere, K.A.C.; Becaus, S.; Criel, P.; Van Eeckhout, H.; Janssen, C.R.</b> (2006). Development and validation of an acute biotic ligand model (BLM) predicting cobalt toxicity in soil to the potworm <i>Enchytraeus albidus</i>. <i>Soil Biol. Biochem. 38(7)</i>: 1924-1932. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2005.12.014\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2005.12.014</a>","BEntID":122735,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":0,"wosflag":1,"vabbflag":0,"RefStringPartII":". <i>Soil Biol. Biochem. 38(7)</i>: 1924-1932. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2005.12.014\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2005.12.014</a>","DocTypID":8,"DocType":"Journal article","MarineFlag":0,"FreshFlag":1,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"Lock, K.; De Schamphelaere, K.A.C.; Becaus, S.; Criel, P.; Van Eeckhout, H.; Janssen, C.R.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"Lock, K. <i>et al.</i>","Englishabstract":"An acute Biotic Ligand Model (BLM) was developed to predict the effect of cobalt on the survival of the potworm <i>Enchytraeus albidus</i>, exposed in nutrient solutions added to acid washed, precombusted sand. The extent to which Ca<sup>2+</sup>, Mg<sup>2+</sup>and Na<sup>+</sup> ions and pH independently mitigate cobalt toxicity to <i>E. albidus</i> was examined. Higher activities of Ca<sup>2+</sup>, Mg<sup>2+</sup> and H<sup>+</sup> linearly increased the 14dLC50<sub>Co<sup>2+</sup></sub> (LC50 expressed as Co<sup>2+</sup>-activity) whereas Na<sup>+</sup>-activity did not. Stability constants for the binding of Co<sup>2+</sup>, Ca<sup>2+</sup>, Mg<sup>2+</sup> and H<sup>+</sup> to the biotic ligand (BL) were derived, i.e. log K<sub>CoBL</sub> = 5.13, log K<sub>CaBL</sub> = 3.83, log K<sub>MgBL</sub> = 3.95 and log K<sub>HBL</sub> = 6.53. It was calculated that at Co-concentrations corresponding to the 14d-LC50 value, 32% of the BL sites were occupied by cobalt. An initial validation of the applicability of this BLM in true soil exposure systems was performed by comparing observed and model-predicted 14 d LC50 s in a standard artificial soil and a standard field soil. By assuming pore water to be the only route of exposure and assuming equilibrium between pore water Co<sup>2+</sup> and solid phase Co, which is predicted by the geochemical WHAM-Model 6, LC50 s (as mg Co kg-1 dry wt of soil) were predicted within an error of less than a factor two. Further validation in true soil exposures, combined with more detailed knowledge of Co binding to soil solid phases is needed, if this model is to be used as a tool for risk assessment and derivation of soil quality criteria for Co.","AbstractOtherLang":null,"BibLvlCode":"AS","StandardTitle":"Development and validation of an acute biotic ligand model (BLM) predicting cobalt toxicity in soil to the potworm <i>Enchytraeus albidus</i>","OrigTitleLangCode":"en","OrigTitleLangCodeExtended":"eng","OrigTitleLangID":15,"DateLastModified":{"date":"2026-04-22 01:31:38.336981","timezone_type":1,"timezone":"+02:00"},"UserAccessRight":null,"UserAccID":null,"AuthorKeywords":null,"OtherDescriptors":null,"Notes":null,"AnaPub":2006,"MonPub":null,"DateUpdate":"2020-10-29","DateCreate":"2009-01-21","SecASFANote":null,"ConfID":null,"PeerRev":1,"VlizCoreFlag":1,"WoScode":"WOS:000239946100042","VABBcode":null,"OpenAcc":0,"DOI":"10.1016/j.soilbio.2005.12.014"},"refs":null,"anarec":{"AnaID":128645,"PubliDate":2006,"Pagination":"1924-1932","XtraPublOfAnaID":null,"ISBN":null,"Volume":"38","Issue":"7","BRefMon":null,"BRefMonRR":null,"BRefXtra":null,"BRefXtraRR":null,"SerBRefID":128643,"SerRR":"Soil Biology & Biochemistry. 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