{"refrec":{"BRefID":128841,"RR":"<b>Nguyen, L.T.H.; Janssen, C.R.<\/b> (2002). Embryo-larval toxicity tests with the African catfish (<i>Clarias gariepinus<\/i>): Comparative sensitivity of endpoints. <i>Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 42(2)<\/i>: 256-262. <a href=\"https:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1007\/s00244-001-0007-4\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1007\/s00244-001-0007-4<\/a>","BEntID":122925,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":0,"wosflag":1,"vabbflag":1,"RefStringPartII":". <i>Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 42(2)<\/i>: 256-262. <a href=\"https:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1007\/s00244-001-0007-4\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1007\/s00244-001-0007-4<\/a>","DocTypID":8,"DocType":"Journal article","MarineFlag":0,"FreshFlag":1,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"Nguyen, L.T.H.; Janssen, C.R.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"Nguyen, L.T.H.; Janssen, C.R.","Englishabstract":"Embryo-larval toxicity tests with the African catfish (<i>Clarias gariepinus<\/i>) were performed to assess the comparative sensitivity of different endpoints. Measured test responses included embryo and larval survival, hatching, morphological development, and larval growth. Chromium, cadmium, copper, sodium pentachlorphenol (NaPCP), and malathion were used as model toxicants. Hatching was not affected by any of the chemicals tested, and embryo survival was only affected by chromium at \u2265 36 mg\/L. The growth of larvae was significantly reduced at \u2265 11 mg\/L Cr, \u2265 0.63 mg\/L Cu, \u2265 0.03 mg\/L NaPCP, and \u2265 1.25 mg\/L malathion. Morphological development of C. gariepinus was affected by all of the toxicants tested. Different types of morphological aberrations were observed, i.e., reduction of pigmentation in fish exposed to cadmium and copper, yolk sac edema in fish exposed to NaPCP and malathion, and deformation of the notochord in fish exposed to chromium and malathion. The sensitivity of the endpoints measured can be summarized as follows: growth > abnormality > larval survival > embryo survival > hatching.","AbstractOtherLang":null,"BibLvlCode":"AS","StandardTitle":"Embryo-larval toxicity tests with the African catfish (<i>Clarias gariepinus<\/i>): Comparative sensitivity of endpoints","OrigTitleLangCode":"en","OrigTitleLangCodeExtended":"eng","OrigTitleLangID":15,"DateLastModified":{"date":"2026-04-17 01:31:43.379894","timezone_type":1,"timezone":"+02:00"},"UserAccessRight":null,"UserAccID":null,"AuthorKeywords":null,"OtherDescriptors":null,"Notes":null,"AnaPub":2002,"MonPub":null,"DateUpdate":"2009-01-26","DateCreate":"2009-01-26","SecASFANote":null,"ConfID":null,"PeerRev":1,"VlizCoreFlag":1,"WoScode":"WOS:000173421800015","VABBcode":null,"OpenAcc":0,"DOI":"10.1007\/s00244-001-0007-4"},"refs":null,"anarec":{"AnaID":128841,"PubliDate":2002,"Pagination":"256-262","XtraPublOfAnaID":null,"ISBN":null,"Volume":"42","Issue":"2","BRefMon":null,"BRefMonRR":null,"BRefXtra":null,"BRefXtraRR":null,"SerBRefID":45321,"SerRR":"Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology. Springer: New York.  ISSN 0090-4341; e-ISSN 1432-0703","StandardTitleSer":"Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","ISSN":"0090-4341","AbbrevSer":"Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol.","StandardTitleMon":null,"StartPage":256,"Pages":7,"ToPubliDate":null,"BRefBibLvlCode":"S","SerNotes":null},"monrec":null,"serrec":null,"relations":null,"relationsRev":null,"addrec":null,"othpubs":null,"ownerships":null,"authors":[{"AutName":"Nguyen","Firstname":"Lien","Initials":"L.T.H.","Affiliation":null,"Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":122925,"AutID":25888,"OrderNr":1,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null},{"AutName":"Janssen","Firstname":"Colin","Initials":"C.R.","Affiliation":null,"Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":122925,"AutID":11628,"OrderNr":2,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":"0000-0002-7781-6679","PersID":50,"InsID":null}],"mapdetails":null,"datasets":null,"monographs":null,"monparts":null,"serparts":null,"BEntOpen":null,"BEntPrivate":null,"availability":null,"litstyles":null,"thespers":null,"arch2discl":null,"SERpubls":[{"PublName":"Springer","City":"New York"}],"MONpubls":null,"pictures":[],"thestermsPath":[{"ThesaurusTerm":"Malathion","ThestID":134715,"Acronym":"CAB","ThesTermPath":"Chemicals > Organic compounds > Organophosphorus compounds > Pesticides > Organophosphorus pesticides > Ectoparasiticides > Organophosphorus ectoparasiticides > Organothiophosphate insecticides > Organothiophosphate acaricides > Ectoparasiticides > Malathion"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Comparative studies","ThestID":1734,"Acronym":"ASFA","ThesTermPath":"Comparative studies"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Development","ThestID":68274,"Acronym":"CSA","ThesTermPath":"Development"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Embryos","ThestID":2747,"Acronym":"ASFA","ThesTermPath":"Developmental stages > Embryos"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Larvae","ThestID":4630,"Acronym":"ASFA","ThesTermPath":"Developmental stages > Larvae"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Freshwater environment","ThestID":3476,"Acronym":"ASFA","ThesTermPath":"Freshwater environment"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Growth","ThestID":68757,"Acronym":"CSA","ThesTermPath":"Growth"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Heavy metals","ThestID":73791,"Acronym":"CSA","ThesTermPath":"Heavy metals"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Malformations","ThestID":4934,"Acronym":"ASFA","ThesTermPath":"Malformations"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Organophosphorus compounds","ThestID":68414,"Acronym":"CSA","ThesTermPath":"Organophosphorus compounds"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Pentachlorophenol","ThestID":71763,"Acronym":"CSA","ThesTermPath":"Pentachlorophenol"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Pesticides","ThestID":6100,"Acronym":"ASFA","ThesTermPath":"Pesticides"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Insecticides","ThestID":4338,"Acronym":"ASFA","ThesTermPath":"Pesticides > Insecticides"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Survival","ThestID":8271,"Acronym":"ASFA","ThesTermPath":"Survival"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Toxicity tests","ThestID":8668,"Acronym":"ASFA","ThesTermPath":"Tests > Toxicity tests"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Toxicity","ThestID":85524,"Acronym":"CSA","ThesTermPath":"Toxicity"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Water pollution","ThestID":82972,"Acronym":"CSA","ThesTermPath":"Water pollution"}],"thestermsASFA":[{"ThesaurusTerm":"Comparative studies"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Development"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Embryos"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Growth"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Heavy metals"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Insecticides"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Larvae"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Malathion"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Organophosphorus compounds"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Pentachlorophenol"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Pesticides"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Survival"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Toxicity"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Toxicity tests"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Water pollution"}],"taxtermsASFA":[{"TaxTerm":"Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822)"},{"TaxTerm":"Clariidae"},{"TaxTerm":"Pisces"},{"TaxTerm":"Vertebrata"}],"geotermsASFA":null,"collections":[{"Collection":"Section Ecotox","ShortName":"Ecotox"}],"conf":null,"proj":null,"Physdatasets":null,"spcols":{"476":{"SpName":"Section Ecotox","SpColID":476,"ParSpColID":null,"TopParID":null,"ShortName":"Ecotox","URLLocation":null,"LibID":null,"OpenRepoFlag":null,"SpTypID":null,"TopParIDNotWebsite":null,"SpColPath":"Ecotox"}},"doi":null,"publs":null,"serparttypes":null,"monauthors":null,"MParts":null,"SParts":null,"hLibs":null,"langs":[{"BEntID":122925,"AbstractFlag":0,"LangID":15,"LangCode":"en","Lang":"English","DutchTerm":"Engels","LangCodeExtended":"eng"}],"urls":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1007\/s00244-001-0007-4","externalID":"10.1007\/s00244-001-0007-4","URLTypeCode":"DOI","URLID":110052,"URLTypID":13,"URLType":"DOI","URLPrefix":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/"}],"thesterms":[{"ThesaurusTerm":"Comparative studies","ThestID":1734,"Acronym":"ASFA","ThesTypID":1,"ThesType":"ASFA Thesaurus List"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Development","ThestID":68274,"Acronym":"CSA","ThesTypID":2,"ThesType":"CSA Technology Research Database Master Thesaurus"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Embryos","ThestID":2747,"Acronym":"ASFA","ThesTypID":1,"ThesType":"ASFA Thesaurus List"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Freshwater environment","ThestID":3476,"Acronym":"ASFA","ThesTypID":1,"ThesType":"ASFA Thesaurus List"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Growth","ThestID":68757,"Acronym":"CSA","ThesTypID":2,"ThesType":"CSA Technology Research Database Master Thesaurus"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Heavy metals","ThestID":73791,"Acronym":"CSA","ThesTypID":2,"ThesType":"CSA Technology Research Database Master Thesaurus"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Insecticides","ThestID":4338,"Acronym":"ASFA","ThesTypID":1,"ThesType":"ASFA Thesaurus List"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Larvae","ThestID":4630,"Acronym":"ASFA","ThesTypID":1,"ThesType":"ASFA Thesaurus List"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Malathion","ThestID":134715,"Acronym":"CAB","ThesTypID":4,"ThesType":"CAB Thesaurus"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Malformations","ThestID":4934,"Acronym":"ASFA","ThesTypID":1,"ThesType":"ASFA Thesaurus List"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Organophosphorus compounds","ThestID":68414,"Acronym":"CSA","ThesTypID":2,"ThesType":"CSA Technology Research Database Master Thesaurus"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Pentachlorophenol","ThestID":71763,"Acronym":"CSA","ThesTypID":2,"ThesType":"CSA Technology Research Database Master Thesaurus"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Pesticides","ThestID":6100,"Acronym":"ASFA","ThesTypID":1,"ThesType":"ASFA Thesaurus List"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Survival","ThestID":8271,"Acronym":"ASFA","ThesTypID":1,"ThesType":"ASFA Thesaurus List"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Toxicity","ThestID":85524,"Acronym":"CSA","ThesTypID":2,"ThesType":"CSA Technology Research Database Master Thesaurus"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Toxicity tests","ThestID":8668,"Acronym":"ASFA","ThesTypID":1,"ThesType":"ASFA Thesaurus List"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Water pollution","ThestID":82972,"Acronym":"CSA","ThesTypID":2,"ThesType":"CSA Technology Research Database Master Thesaurus"}],"taxterms":[{"TaxTerm":"Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822)","AphiaID":888192,"TaxtID":24295},{"TaxTerm":"Clariidae [airbreathing catfishes]","AphiaID":154655,"TaxtID":21127},{"TaxTerm":"Pisces [Fish]","AphiaID":11676,"TaxtID":11873},{"TaxTerm":"Vertebrata [vertebrates]","AphiaID":146419,"TaxtID":35318}],"geoterms":null,"othterms":null,"asfacodes":null,"asfa2codes":null,"thestermsFRIS":[{"ThesaurusTerm":"Comparative studies","DutchTerm":"Vergelijkende studies","ThestID":1734,"Acronym":"ASFA","ThesTypID":1,"ThesType":"ASFA Thesaurus List"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Development","DutchTerm":"Ontwikkeling","ThestID":68274,"Acronym":"CSA","ThesTypID":2,"ThesType":"CSA Technology Research Database Master Thesaurus"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Embryos","DutchTerm":null,"ThestID":2747,"Acronym":"ASFA","ThesTypID":1,"ThesType":"ASFA Thesaurus List"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Freshwater environment","DutchTerm":"Zoetwater milieu","ThestID":3476,"Acronym":"ASFA","ThesTypID":1,"ThesType":"ASFA Thesaurus List"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Growth","DutchTerm":"Groei","ThestID":68757,"Acronym":"CSA","ThesTypID":2,"ThesType":"CSA Technology Research Database Master Thesaurus"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Heavy metals","DutchTerm":"Zware Metalen","ThestID":73791,"Acronym":"CSA","ThesTypID":2,"ThesType":"CSA Technology Research Database Master Thesaurus"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Insecticides","DutchTerm":"Insekticiden","ThestID":4338,"Acronym":"ASFA","ThesTypID":1,"ThesType":"ASFA Thesaurus List"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Larvae","DutchTerm":"Larven","ThestID":4630,"Acronym":"ASFA","ThesTypID":1,"ThesType":"ASFA Thesaurus List"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Malathion","DutchTerm":null,"ThestID":134715,"Acronym":"CAB","ThesTypID":4,"ThesType":"CAB Thesaurus"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Malformations","DutchTerm":null,"ThestID":4934,"Acronym":"ASFA","ThesTypID":1,"ThesType":"ASFA Thesaurus List"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Organophosphorus compounds","DutchTerm":null,"ThestID":68414,"Acronym":"CSA","ThesTypID":2,"ThesType":"CSA Technology Research Database Master Thesaurus"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Pentachlorophenol","DutchTerm":null,"ThestID":71763,"Acronym":"CSA","ThesTypID":2,"ThesType":"CSA Technology Research Database Master Thesaurus"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Pesticides","DutchTerm":"Pesticiden","ThestID":6100,"Acronym":"ASFA","ThesTypID":1,"ThesType":"ASFA Thesaurus List"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Survival","DutchTerm":"Overleving","ThestID":8271,"Acronym":"ASFA","ThesTypID":1,"ThesType":"ASFA Thesaurus List"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Toxicity","DutchTerm":null,"ThestID":85524,"Acronym":"CSA","ThesTypID":2,"ThesType":"CSA Technology Research Database Master Thesaurus"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Toxicity tests","DutchTerm":"Toxiciteitstesten","ThestID":8668,"Acronym":"ASFA","ThesTypID":1,"ThesType":"ASFA Thesaurus List"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Water pollution","DutchTerm":"Watervervuiling (pollutie)","ThestID":82972,"Acronym":"CSA","ThesTypID":2,"ThesType":"CSA Technology Research Database Master Thesaurus"}],"taxtermsFRIS":[{"TaxTerm":"Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822)","DutchTerm":null,"AphiaID":888192,"TaxtID":24295},{"TaxTerm":"Clariidae","DutchTerm":"Meerval","AphiaID":154655,"TaxtID":21127},{"TaxTerm":"Pisces","DutchTerm":"Vissen","AphiaID":11676,"TaxtID":11873},{"TaxTerm":"Vertebrata","DutchTerm":"gewervelden","AphiaID":146419,"TaxtID":35318}],"geotermsFRIS":null,"othtermsFRIS":null,"resmessage":"","complete":1,"sessions":{"newSesName":"Dewitte, Elien, E.","newSesDate":{"date":"2009-01-26 08:56:32.417000","timezone_type":3,"timezone":"Europe\/Brussels"},"updSesName":"Dewitte, Elien, E.","updSesDate":{"date":"2009-01-26 08:56:32.417000","timezone_type":3,"timezone":"Europe\/Brussels"}}}