{"refrec":{"BRefID":134386,"RR":"Bauerfeind, E.; Elbrächter, M.; Steiner, R.; Throndsen, J. (1986). Application of Laser Doppler Spectroscopy (LDS) in determining swimming velocities of motile phytoplankton. Mar. Biol. (Berl.) 90(3): 323-327. https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00401099","BEntID":128312,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":0,"wosflag":1,"vabbflag":0,"RefStringPartII":". Mar. Biol. (Berl.) 90(3): 323-327. https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00401099","DocTypID":8,"DocType":"Journal article","MarineFlag":1,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"Bauerfeind, E.; Elbrächter, M.; Steiner, R.; Throndsen, J.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"Bauerfeind, E. et al.","Englishabstract":"The swimming velocities of 18 motile phytoplankton species were measured by applying Laser Doppler Spectroscopy (LDS). The size of the organisms used in the experiments ranged from nanoplankton (<20 µm) to large dinoflagellates (>100 µm). Results of the measurements showed that the swimming rates of nanoflagellates and coccolithophorids are similar to those of dinoflagellates. Swimming rates obtained for dinoflagellates and coccolithophorids exceed the sinking rates reported in the literature. LDS offers several advantages when compared with other methods applied to measuring velocity: (1) it is very fast (1-3 min); (2) it is not invasive; (3) up to ten parallel samples can be measured automatically in sequence and repetitively; (4) in contrast to microscopic measurements, motility is measured in three dimensions; and (5) it is a direct and objective method which only requires small sample volume.","AbstractOtherLang":null,"BibLvlCode":"AS","StandardTitle":"Application of Laser Doppler Spectroscopy (LDS) in determining swimming velocities of motile phytoplankton","OrigTitleLangCode":"en","OrigTitleLangCodeExtended":"eng","OrigTitleLangID":15,"DateLastModified":{"date":"2026-05-12 01:32:08.300286","timezone_type":1,"timezone":"+02:00"},"UserAccessRight":null,"UserAccID":null,"AuthorKeywords":null,"OtherDescriptors":null,"Notes":null,"AnaPub":1986,"MonPub":null,"DateUpdate":"2020-10-30","DateCreate":"2009-04-27","SecASFANote":null,"ConfID":null,"PeerRev":1,"VlizCoreFlag":1,"WoScode":"WOS:A1986F265800001","VABBcode":null,"OpenAcc":0,"DOI":"10.1007/BF00401099"},"refs":null,"anarec":{"AnaID":134386,"PubliDate":1986,"Pagination":"323-327","XtraPublOfAnaID":null,"ISBN":null,"Volume":"90","Issue":"3","BRefMon":null,"BRefMonRR":null,"BRefXtra":null,"BRefXtraRR":null,"SerBRefID":43352,"SerRR":"Marine Biology: International Journal on Life in Oceans and Coastal Waters. Springer: Heidelberg; Berlin. ISSN 0025-3162; e-ISSN 1432-1793","StandardTitleSer":"Marine Biology: International Journal on Life in Oceans and Coastal Waters","ISSN":"0025-3162","AbbrevSer":"Mar. Biol. 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