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A concentration of mercury sublethal to fiddler crabs under optimum conditions of temp and salinity greatly reduced survival times when crabs were placed under conditions of temp and salinity stress. Males were more susceptible to the synergistic effects of mercury in combination with environmental stress than were females. Metabolic rates of male and female fiddler crabs were affected by prolonged exposure to mercury both under optimum environmental conditions and under temp and salinity stress. 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