{"refrec":{"BRefID":134895,"RR":"<b>Zhang, P.; Zhang, X.; Li, J.; Gao, T.</b> (2009). Starvation resistance and metabolic response to food deprivation and recovery feeding in <i>Fenneropenaeus chinensis</i> juveniles. <i>Aquacult. Int. 17(2)</i>: 159-172. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10499-008-9188-4\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10499-008-9188-4</a>","BEntID":128827,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":1,"wosflag":1,"vabbflag":1,"RefStringPartII":". <i>Aquacult. Int. 17(2)</i>: 159-172. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10499-008-9188-4\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10499-008-9188-4</a>","DocTypID":8,"DocType":"Journal article","MarineFlag":1,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"Zhang, P.; Zhang, X.; Li, J.; Gao, T.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"Zhang, P. <i>et al.</i>","Englishabstract":"Starvation resistance in the juveniles of Chinese shrimp, <i>Fenneropenaeus chinensis</i> Osbeck, was studied by point-of-no-return (PNR) and point-of-reserve-saturation (PRS) experiments. Changes in oxygen consumption rate, ammonia-N excretion rate, and oxygen consumed to nitrogen excreted (O:N) ratio were investigated immediately before and after the period of recovery feeding for each regime to assess metabolic response during starvation and refeeding. There was a significant change in survival rate and wet weight of test shrimp throughout the PNR and PRS experiments (P < 0.05). The estimated PNR and PRS for F. chinensis juveniles could be directly calculated from the selected equations as PNR50 = 7.86 days, PNR<sub>100</sub> = 21.4 days, PRS<sub>0</sub> = 1.16 days, and PRS<sub>50</sub> = 11.75 days. A decrease in metabolic rate during starvation as a means of conserving energy was found in <i>F. chinensis</i> juveniles. Furthermore, although <i>F. chinensis</i> juveniles only utilized protein as an energy source during starvation, they showed a shift from pure protein during starvation to an equal utilization of protein and lipid or a lipid-carbohydrate mixture during later satiate feeding. The results in the present study indicate that <i>F. chinensis</i> juveniles have the ability to withstand and recover from relatively prolonged starvation after longer initial feeding periods. The knowledge derived from the understanding of starvation resistance and the corresponding metabolic response of <i>F. chinensis</i> juveniles will be useful in the design of feeding regimes in this species. 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