{"refrec":{"BRefID":135062,"RR":"<b>Hamilton, E.I.; Clifton, R.J.</b> (1980). Concentration and distribution of the Transuranium Radionucleides <sup>239+240</sup>Pu, <sup>238</sup>Pu and <sup>241</sup>Am in <i>Mytilus edulis</i>, <i>Fucus vesiculosus</i> and surface sediment of Esk estuary. <i>Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 3</i>: 267-277","BEntID":128974,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":0,"wosflag":1,"vabbflag":1,"RefStringPartII":". <i>Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 3</i>: 267-277","DocTypID":8,"DocType":"Journal article","MarineFlag":1,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"Hamilton, E.I.; Clifton, R.J.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"Hamilton, E.I.; Clifton, R.J.","Englishabstract":"Concentrations and distributions are reported for <sup>239+240</sup>Pu, <sup>238</sup>Pu and <sup>241</sup>Am in <i>M. edulis, F. vesiculosus</i> and surface sediment from the Esk estuary Cumbria, UK, which is subjected to effluents from the British Nuclear Fuel Ltd uranium reprocessing plant at Windscale, Cumbria. For <i>M. edulis</i> , data was obtained on total soft tissues, shell and for 11 organs and tissues. The distribution of alpha particle activity for thin sections of the mussels was obtained by autoradiography using a new thermoset dielectric detector CR-39.  Evidence is presented which indicates that uptake of transuranium radionuclides is probably from seawater rather than from ingested sediment. Pu and Am retained within the intestinal tract is excreted in faeces; that which enters the systemic circulation gives rise to a diffuse distribution. No significant enrichment of Pu and Am occurs in kidney granules, but in the pericardial gland as a result of ultrafiltration processes localised enhanced levels of alpha radioactivity were observed. Highest enrichment of Pu and Am occurs in byssal threads and periostracum, lowest in the shell when the periostracum has been removed. Alpha particle distribution for byssal threads and periostracum is diffuse, hot-spots are absent and hence uptake is probably direct from conservative species present in the seawater. Differences in concentration of Pu and Am for 1977, 1978 and 1979 are described; in 1979 there was an increase in levels of Pu in the mussel and sediment. <i>F. vesiculosus</i> contained more Pu than Am. However, the Am/Pu ratio for <i>F. vesiculosus</i> is similar to that in byssal threads of <i>M. edulis</i> .","AbstractOtherLang":null,"BibLvlCode":"AS","StandardTitle":"Concentration and distribution of the Transuranium Radionucleides <sup>239+240</sup>Pu, <sup>238</sup>Pu and <sup>241</sup>Am in <i>Mytilus edulis</i>, <i>Fucus vesiculosus</i> and surface sediment of Esk estuary","OrigTitleLangCode":"en","OrigTitleLangCodeExtended":"eng","OrigTitleLangID":15,"DateLastModified":{"date":"2025-07-02 08:33:14.980000","timezone_type":1,"timezone":"+00:00"},"UserAccessRight":null,"UserAccID":null,"AuthorKeywords":null,"OtherDescriptors":null,"Notes":null,"AnaPub":1980,"MonPub":null,"DateUpdate":"2009-05-07","DateCreate":"2009-05-07","SecASFANote":null,"ConfID":null,"PeerRev":1,"VlizCoreFlag":1,"WoScode":null,"VABBcode":null,"OpenAcc":1},"refs":null,"anarec":{"AnaID":135062,"PubliDate":1980,"Pagination":"267-277","XtraPublOfAnaID":null,"ISBN":null,"Volume":"3","Issue":null,"BRefMon":null,"BRefMonRR":null,"BRefXtra":null,"BRefXtraRR":null,"SerBRefID":43354,"SerRR":"Marine Ecology Progress Series. Inter-Research: Oldendorf/Luhe.  ISSN 0171-8630; e-ISSN 1616-1599","StandardTitleSer":"Marine Ecology Progress Series","ISSN":"0171-8630","AbbrevSer":"Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.","StandardTitleMon":null,"StartPage":267,"Pages":11,"ToPubliDate":null,"BRefBibLvlCode":"S","SerNotes":null},"monrec":null,"serrec":null,"relations":null,"relationsRev":null,"addrec":null,"othpubs":null,"ownerships":null,"authors":[{"AutName":"Hamilton","Firstname":"Eric","Initials":"E.I.","Affiliation":null,"Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":128974,"AutID":55367,"OrderNr":1,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null},{"AutName":"Clifton","Firstname":null,"Initials":"R.J.","Affiliation":null,"Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":128974,"AutID":55365,"OrderNr":2,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null}],"mapdetails":null,"datasets":null,"monographs":null,"monparts":null,"serparts":null,"BEntOpen":null,"BEntPrivate":null,"availability":[{"BInstID":148208,"LibID":36,"BRefID":135062,"EmbargoDate":null,"FullEmbargoDate":null,"PhysMedID":16,"hasOCRd":1,"ShelfLocCode":"148208","RFID":null,"PaidValue":null,"Medium":"Server","Description":"VLIZ Open Access","Acronym":"VLIZ","Library":"Vlaams Instituut voor de Zee","DutchTerm":"Open access","URL":null,"ClassifID":53,"Classification":"Open access","ReqLink":null,"ClassifTypID":1,"URLLocation":"https://www.vliz.be/imisdocs/publications/","SubDir":null,"InternalReq":0,"LoggedInReq":0,"Disclaimer":null,"DutchDisclaimer":null,"FileFormat":".pdf","FileDescr":"pdf","InsPub":1,"InsID":36,"FileFormID":6,"LendableFlag":1,"PublicFlag":1,"orderLib":"A","Notes":null,"AccConID":null,"AccessConstraint":null,"LicURL":null}],"litstyles":null,"thespers":null,"arch2discl":null,"SERpubls":[{"PublName":"Inter-Research","City":"Oldendorf/Luhe"}],"MONpubls":null,"pictures":[],"thestermsPath":[{"ThesaurusTerm":"British Isles, Scotland, North Esk R.","ThestID":183301,"Acronym":"ASFA_GEOT","ThesTermPath":"British Isles, Scotland, North Esk R."},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Americium","ThestID":311,"Acronym":"ASFA","ThesTermPath":"Chemical elements > Metals > Transuranic elements > Actinides > Americium"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Plutonium","ThestID":6329,"Acronym":"ASFA","ThesTermPath":"Chemical elements > Metals > Transuranic elements > Actinides > Plutonium"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Radioisotopes","ThestID":99226,"Acronym":"TRT","ThesTermPath":"Radioactive isotopes > Radioisotopes"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Radioactive waste","ThestID":71548,"Acronym":"CSA","ThesTermPath":"Radioactive waste"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Autoradiography","ThestID":688,"Acronym":"ASFA","ThesTermPath":"Radiography > Autoradiography"}],"thestermsASFA":[{"ThesaurusTerm":"Americium"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Autoradiography"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"British Isles, Scotland, North Esk R."},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Plutonium"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Radioactive waste"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Radioisotopes"}],"taxtermsASFA":[{"TaxTerm":"Fucus vesiculosus Linnaeus, 1753"},{"TaxTerm":"Mytilus"},{"TaxTerm":"Mytilus edulis"},{"TaxTerm":"Pelecypoda"}],"geotermsASFA":[{"GeoTerm":"North Esk"}],"collections":null,"conf":null,"proj":null,"Physdatasets":null,"spcols":null,"doi":null,"publs":null,"serparttypes":null,"monauthors":null,"MParts":null,"SParts":null,"hLibs":null,"langs":[{"BEntID":128974,"AbstractFlag":-1,"LangID":15,"LangCode":"en","Lang":"English","DutchTerm":"Engels","LangCodeExtended":"eng"},{"BEntID":128974,"AbstractFlag":0,"LangID":15,"LangCode":"en","Lang":"English","DutchTerm":"Engels","LangCodeExtended":"eng"}],"urls":null,"thesterms":[{"ThesaurusTerm":"Americium","ThestID":311,"Acronym":"ASFA","ThesTypID":1,"ThesType":"ASFA Thesaurus List"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Autoradiography","ThestID":688,"Acronym":"ASFA","ThesTypID":1,"ThesType":"ASFA Thesaurus List"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"British Isles, Scotland, North Esk R.","ThestID":183301,"Acronym":"ASFA_GEOT","ThesTypID":34,"ThesType":"ASFA Geoterms"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Plutonium","ThestID":6329,"Acronym":"ASFA","ThesTypID":1,"ThesType":"ASFA Thesaurus List"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Radioactive waste","ThestID":71548,"Acronym":"CSA","ThesTypID":2,"ThesType":"CSA Technology Research Database Master Thesaurus"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Radioisotopes","ThestID":99226,"Acronym":"TRT","ThesTypID":3,"ThesType":"Transportation Research Thesaurus"}],"taxterms":[{"TaxTerm":"Fucus vesiculosus Linnaeus, 1753","AphiaID":145548,"TaxtID":18544},{"TaxTerm":"Mytilus","AphiaID":138228,"TaxtID":24510},{"TaxTerm":"Mytilus edulis","AphiaID":140480,"TaxtID":25121},{"TaxTerm":"Pelecypoda","AphiaID":151265,"TaxtID":11419}],"geoterms":[{"GeoTerm":"North Esk","GeoObjectID":5525,"GeotID":1584}],"othterms":null,"asfacodes":null,"asfa2codes":null,"thestermsFRIS":[{"ThesaurusTerm":"Americium","DutchTerm":null,"ThestID":311,"Acronym":"ASFA","ThesTypID":1,"ThesType":"ASFA Thesaurus List"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Autoradiography","DutchTerm":null,"ThestID":688,"Acronym":"ASFA","ThesTypID":1,"ThesType":"ASFA Thesaurus List"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"British Isles, Scotland, North Esk R.","DutchTerm":null,"ThestID":183301,"Acronym":"ASFA_GEOT","ThesTypID":34,"ThesType":"ASFA Geoterms"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Plutonium","DutchTerm":null,"ThestID":6329,"Acronym":"ASFA","ThesTypID":1,"ThesType":"ASFA Thesaurus List"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Radioactive waste","DutchTerm":null,"ThestID":71548,"Acronym":"CSA","ThesTypID":2,"ThesType":"CSA Technology Research Database Master Thesaurus"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Radioisotopes","DutchTerm":null,"ThestID":99226,"Acronym":"TRT","ThesTypID":3,"ThesType":"Transportation Research Thesaurus"}],"taxtermsFRIS":[{"TaxTerm":"Fucus vesiculosus Linnaeus, 1753","DutchTerm":"Blaaswier","AphiaID":145548,"TaxtID":18544},{"TaxTerm":"Mytilus","DutchTerm":null,"AphiaID":138228,"TaxtID":24510},{"TaxTerm":"Mytilus edulis","DutchTerm":"Mossel","AphiaID":140480,"TaxtID":25121},{"TaxTerm":"Pelecypoda","DutchTerm":"Tweekleppigen","AphiaID":151265,"TaxtID":11419}],"geotermsFRIS":[{"GeoTerm":"North Esk","DutchTerm":null}],"othtermsFRIS":null,"resmessage":"","complete":1,"sessions":{"newSesName":"Dewitte, Elien, E.","newSesDate":{"date":"2009-05-07 08:59:03.210000","timezone_type":3,"timezone":"Europe/Brussels"},"updSesName":"Dewitte, Elien, E.","updSesDate":{"date":"2009-05-07 08:59:03.210000","timezone_type":3,"timezone":"Europe/Brussels"}}}