{"refrec":{"BRefID":144540,"RR":"<b>Vistisen, B.; Vismann, B.</b> (1997). Tolerance to low oxygen and sulfide in <i>Amphiura filiformis</i> and <i>Ophiura albida</i> (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea). <i>Mar. Biol. (Berl.) 128(2)</i>: 241-246. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002270050088\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002270050088</a>","BEntID":137667,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":0,"wosflag":1,"vabbflag":null,"RefStringPartII":". <i>Mar. Biol. (Berl.) 128(2)</i>: 241-246. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002270050088\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002270050088</a>","DocTypID":8,"DocType":"Journal article","MarineFlag":1,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"Vistisen, B.; Vismann, B.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"Vistisen, B.; Vismann, B.","Englishabstract":"The brittle stars <i>Amphiura filiformis</i> and <i>Ophiura albida</i> were exposed to different oxygen saturations (100, 10, 5, 3, and <1% oxygen saturation) and to physiological anoxia (<1% oxygen saturation) at different total sulfide concentrations (0, 2, 20, 200 mu M). The mortality was followed during experiments and the median survival time (LT<sub>50</sub>)) was determined. The infaunal <i>A. filiformis</i> had a significantly higher tolerance to both hypoxia and sulfide than did the epibenthic <i>O. albida</i>. After exposure to 10% oxygen saturation or a month, only 2.0% <i>A. filiformis</i> and 0% <i>O. albida</i> were dead. In oxygen saturations <1% A. filiformis</i> and <i>O. albida</i> had a LT<sub>50</sub> of 7.5 and 2.5 d, respectively. The presence of even very small concentrations of sulfide decreased the survival significantly. 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