{"refrec":{"BRefID":144652,"RR":"<b>Lee, S.Y.</b> (1996). Distribution pattern and interaction of two infaunal bivalves, <i>Tapes philippinarum</i> (Adams and Reeve) and <i>Anomalocardia squamosa</i> (Linnaeus) (Bivalvia: Veneridae). <i>J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 201(1-2)</i>: 253-273. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-0981(96)00015-9\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-0981(96)00015-9</a>","BEntID":137768,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":0,"wosflag":1,"vabbflag":0,"RefStringPartII":". <i>J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 201(1-2)</i>: 253-273. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-0981(96)00015-9\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-0981(96)00015-9</a>","DocTypID":8,"DocType":"Journal article","MarineFlag":1,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"Lee, S.Y.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"Lee, S.Y.","Englishabstract":"The vertical and horizontal distribution patterns of two infaunal bivalves, <em>Tapes philippinarum</em> (Adams and Reeve) and <em>Anomalocardia squamosa</em> (Linnaeus) were investigated on a sheltered sandy shore in Hong Kong. <em>Tapes philippinarum</em> occurred at significantly higher densities and occupied a deeper stratum in the sediment than <em>Anomalocardia squamosa</em>, which is a species protected by a much thicker shell. Both species showed an aggregated pattern of spatial distribution over the scale of 10<sup>1</sup> to 10<sup>−2</sup> m. There was no correlation between the densities of the two bivalves nor was there any relationship between body condition and burying depth of <em>Tapes philippinarum</em>. However, individuals of <em>Anomalocardia squamosa</em> residing in the 2–4 cm depth stratum had a significantly higher condition index than their counterparts in the 0–2 cm stratum. The three-dimensional distribution pattern of the two bivalves in relation to density and presence of the other species was investigated by using tagging experiments in the laboratory whereby the exact three-dimensional position of the individuals was recorded in the form of an <em>x</em>,<em>y</em>,<em>z</em> coordinate. The same relative vertical distribution pattern of the bivalves as in the field was maintained while nearest neighbour analysis using the three- (<em>x</em>,<em>y</em>,<em>z</em> coordinates) or two-dimensional (only the <em>x</em>,<em>y</em> coordinates) data yielded different conclusions about the distribution pattern of the bivalves. The three-dimensional analysis consistently suggested an aggregated pattern whereas horizontal distribution was mostly random in the sediment matrix. Both horizontal, vertical and total displacement by individuals of <em>Tapes philippinarum</em>, but not <em>Anomalocardia squamosa</em>, were significantly affected by manipulations of the densities of conspecifics and/or <em>A. squamosa</em>. The latter species, however, was responsive to manipulations in terms of their burying depth. Both species showed considerable movements over the 2-week experimental period. The presence of a predator <em>Portunus pelagicus</em> did not significantly change the vertical distribution pattern of the two bivalves but the mortality of <em>Tapes philippinarum</em> was significantly higher than that of <em>Anomalocardia squamosa</em>. The results suggest that short-term responses such as emigration may be an important response to potential competitive interaction among infaunal bivalves and that such interaction may reduce the usefulness of long-term indicators such as growth and mortality. Whereas burying depth of infaunal bivalves may be influenced intra-specifically by trade-off between predation risk and hunger level, the soft tissue: shell weight (≈ defence) ratio seems to be a more general predictor of vertical distribution in intra- as well as inter-specific comparisons.","AbstractOtherLang":null,"BibLvlCode":"AS","StandardTitle":"Distribution pattern and interaction of two infaunal bivalves, <i>Tapes philippinarum</i> (Adams and Reeve) and <i>Anomalocardia squamosa</i> (Linnaeus) (Bivalvia: Veneridae)","OrigTitleLangCode":"en","OrigTitleLangCodeExtended":"eng","OrigTitleLangID":15,"DateLastModified":{"date":"2026-06-13 01:31:14.150011","timezone_type":1,"timezone":"+02:00"},"UserAccessRight":null,"UserAccID":null,"AuthorKeywords":null,"OtherDescriptors":null,"Notes":null,"AnaPub":1996,"MonPub":null,"DateUpdate":"2021-10-29","DateCreate":"2010-04-21","SecASFANote":null,"ConfID":null,"PeerRev":1,"VlizCoreFlag":1,"WoScode":"WOS:A1996VJ05900013","VABBcode":null,"OpenAcc":0,"DOI":"10.1016/0022-0981(96)00015-9"},"refs":null,"anarec":{"AnaID":144652,"PubliDate":1996,"Pagination":"253-273","XtraPublOfAnaID":null,"ISBN":null,"Volume":"201","Issue":"1-2","BRefMon":null,"BRefMonRR":null,"BRefXtra":null,"BRefXtraRR":null,"SerBRefID":43229,"SerRR":"Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology. 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