{"refrec":{"BRefID":17307,"RR":"<b>Reuter, M.; Raikova, O.I.; Gustafsson, M.K.S.</b> (2001). Patterns in the nervous and muscle systems in lower flatworms. <i>Belg. J. Zool. 131(Suppl. 1)</i>: 47-53","BEntID":17307,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":0,"wosflag":1,"vabbflag":1,"RefStringPartII":". <i>Belg. J. Zool. 131(Suppl. 1)</i>: 47-53","DocTypID":8,"DocType":"Journal article","MarineFlag":1,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"Reuter, M.; Raikova, O.I.; Gustafsson, M.K.S.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"Reuter, M.; Raikova, O.I.; Gustafsson, M.K.S.","Englishabstract":"In order to test the monophyly of the Plathelminthes and the phylogenetic relationships of Acoela and Nemertodermatida, studies on the neuroanatomy of these groups were performed using anti-serotonin (5-HT) and anti-FMRF related peptides (FaRPs) immunocytochemistry. The Catenulida + Rhabditophora seem to be monophyletic. Four synapomorphies are proposed for these taxa. The presence of: 1. a bilobed brain showing 5-HF- and FaRP immunoreactivity. 2. a distinct neuropile, showing 5-HT and FaRP immunoreactivity. 3. two main nerve cords (MC's) aligned by 5-HT-immunoreactive (IR) marker neurones, 4. FaRP-immunoreactivity in the stomatogastric nervous system (NS). No synapomorphies were detected between Acoela and other Plathelminthes. The IR patterns of Acoela are characterised by: 1. The presence of a 5-HT-IR commissural brain. 2. The presence of clusters of FaRP-IR cells not integrated into a brain of the flatworm type. 3. The absence of a regular orthogon. 4. The absence of serotoninergic marker neurones along the main nerve cords (MC's). 5. The absence of a stomatogastric FaRP positive nervous system (NS). No support was obtained for a taxon Acoelomorpha. Our data are compatible with the hypothesis that both the Acoela and the Nemertodermatida do not belong to the Plathelminthes.","AbstractOtherLang":null,"BibLvlCode":"AS","StandardTitle":"Patterns in the nervous and muscle systems in lower flatworms","OrigTitleLangCode":"en","OrigTitleLangCodeExtended":"eng","OrigTitleLangID":15,"DateLastModified":{"date":"2024-12-10 01:33:17.368041","timezone_type":1,"timezone":"+01:00"},"UserAccessRight":null,"UserAccID":null,"AuthorKeywords":null,"OtherDescriptors":"neurons, muscles, phylogeny, Platyhelminthes\r\nACOELA PLATHELMINTHES, IMMUNOREACTIVITY, PLATYHELMINTHES, BRAIN, NEMERTODERMATIDA, MACROSTOMIDA, DIVERGENCE","Notes":null,"AnaPub":2001,"MonPub":null,"DateUpdate":"2021-02-17","DateCreate":"2001-09-05","SecASFANote":null,"ConfID":null,"PeerRev":1,"VlizCoreFlag":1,"WoScode":"WOS:000170313800007","VABBcode":null,"OpenAcc":1},"refs":null,"anarec":{"AnaID":17307,"PubliDate":2001,"Pagination":"47-53","XtraPublOfAnaID":null,"ISBN":null,"Volume":"131","Issue":"Suppl. 1","BRefMon":null,"BRefMonRR":null,"BRefXtra":null,"BRefXtraRR":null,"SerBRefID":44108,"SerRR":"Belgian Journal of Zoology. Koninklijke Belgische Vereniging voor Dierkunde = Société royale zoologique de Belgique: Gent.  ISSN 0777-6276; e-ISSN 2295-0451","StandardTitleSer":"Belgian Journal of Zoology","ISSN":"0777-6276","AbbrevSer":"Belg. J. Zool.","StandardTitleMon":null,"StartPage":47,"Pages":7,"ToPubliDate":null,"BRefBibLvlCode":"S","SerNotes":null},"monrec":null,"serrec":null,"relations":[{"YBRefID":17244,"RefStrFull":"<b>Saló, E.; Watson, N.; Schockaert, E. (Ed.)</b> (2001). Proceedings of the 9<sup>th</sup> International Symposium on the Biology of the Turbellaria, Barcelona, Spain, June 2000. <i>Belgian Journal of Zoology</i>, 131(Suppl. 1). 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