{"refrec":{"BRefID":197975,"RR":"<b>Je Lee, H.; Boulding, E.G.</b> (2010). Latitudinal clines in body size, but not in thermal tolerance or heat-shock cognate 70 (<i>HSC70</i>), in the highly-dispersing intertidal gastropod <i>Littorina keenae</i> (Gastropoda: Littorinidae). <i>Biol. J. Linn. Soc. 100(3)</i>: 494-505. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8312.2010.01450.x\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8312.2010.01450.x</a>","BEntID":190374,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":0,"wosflag":1,"vabbflag":0,"RefStringPartII":". <i>Biol. J. Linn. Soc. 100(3)</i>: 494-505. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8312.2010.01450.x\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8312.2010.01450.x</a>","DocTypID":8,"DocType":"Journal article","MarineFlag":1,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"Je Lee, H.; Boulding, E.G.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"Je Lee, H.; Boulding, E.G.","Englishabstract":"Natural populations of widely-distributed animals often exhibit clinal variation in phenotypic traits or in allele frequencies of a particular gene over their geographical range. A planktotrophic intertidal snail, Littorina keenae  is broadly distributed along the north-eastern Pacific coast through a large latitudinal range (24°50′N–43°18′N). We tested for latitudinal clines in two complex phenotypic traits – thermal tolerance and body size – and one single locus trait – heat shock cognate 70 (HSC70) – in L. keenae  along almost its entire geographical range. We found only weak evidence for a latitudinal cline in the thermal tolerance and no evidence for a cline in allele frequencies at HSC70. However, as predicted by Bergmann's rule, we detected a strong latitudinal cline that accounted for 60% of the variance in body size (R2 = 0.598; P < 0.001). In contrast, body size did not significantly affect thermal tolerance. HSC70  showed no genetic differentiation among the populations, supporting our previous mitochondrial gene-based estimate of high gene flow during this snail's free-swimming larval stage. Given that L. keenae experiences panmixia along its species range, the observed size cline may be partially or entirely caused by a phenotypically plastic response to local thermal environments rather than by genetic divergence in body size among populations in response to locally optimizing natural selection","AbstractOtherLang":null,"BibLvlCode":"AS","StandardTitle":"Latitudinal clines in body size, but not in thermal tolerance or heat-shock cognate 70 (<i>HSC70</i>), in the highly-dispersing intertidal gastropod <i>Littorina keenae</i> (Gastropoda: Littorinidae)","OrigTitleLangCode":"en","OrigTitleLangCodeExtended":"eng","OrigTitleLangID":15,"DateLastModified":{"date":"2026-05-11 01:31:35.885546","timezone_type":1,"timezone":"+02:00"},"UserAccessRight":null,"UserAccID":null,"AuthorKeywords":null,"OtherDescriptors":null,"Notes":null,"AnaPub":2010,"MonPub":null,"DateUpdate":"2020-11-03","DateCreate":"2010-08-19","SecASFANote":null,"ConfID":null,"PeerRev":1,"VlizCoreFlag":1,"WoScode":"WOS:000279401800002","VABBcode":null,"OpenAcc":0,"DOI":"10.1111/j.1095-8312.2010.01450.x"},"refs":null,"anarec":{"AnaID":197975,"PubliDate":2010,"Pagination":"494-505","XtraPublOfAnaID":null,"ISBN":null,"Volume":"100","Issue":"3","BRefMon":null,"BRefMonRR":null,"BRefXtra":null,"BRefXtraRR":null,"SerBRefID":42441,"SerRR":"Biological Journal of the Linnean Society. Academic Press: London; New York.  ISSN 0024-4066; e-ISSN 1095-8312","StandardTitleSer":"Biological Journal of the Linnean Society","ISSN":"0024-4066","AbbrevSer":"Biol. J. Linn. 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