{"refrec":{"BRefID":199042,"RR":"Thompson, D.W.J.; Wallace, J.M.; Kennedy, J.J.; Jones, P.D. (2010). An abrupt drop in Northern Hemisphere sea surface temperature around 1970. Nature (Lond.) 467(7314): 444-447. https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature09394","BEntID":191351,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":1,"wosflag":1,"vabbflag":1,"RefStringPartII":". Nature (Lond.) 467(7314): 444-447. https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature09394","DocTypID":8,"DocType":"Journal article","MarineFlag":1,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"Thompson, D.W.J.; Wallace, J.M.; Kennedy, J.J.; Jones, P.D.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"Thompson, D.W.J. et al.","Englishabstract":"The twentieth-century trend in global-mean surface temperature was not monotonic: temperatures rose from the start of the century to the 1940s, fell slightly during the middle part of the century, and rose rapidly from the mid-1970s onwards(1). The warming-cooling-warming pattern of twentieth-century temperatures is typically interpreted as the superposition of long-term warming due to increasing greenhouse gases and either cooling due to a mid-twentieth century increase of sulphate aerosols in the troposphere(2-4), or changes in the climate of the world's oceans that evolve over decades (oscillatory multidecadal variability)(2,5). Loadings of sulphate aerosol in the troposphere are thought to have had a particularly important role in the differences in temperature trends between the Northern and Southern hemispheres during the decades following the Second World War(2-4). Here we show that the hemispheric differences in temperature trends in the middle of the twentieth century stem largely from a rapid drop in Northern Hemisphere sea surface temperatures of about 0.3 degrees C between about 1968 and 1972. The timescale of the drop is shorter than that associated with either tropospheric aerosol loadings or previous characterizations of oscillatory multidecadal variability. The drop is evident in all available historical sea surface temperature data sets, is not traceable to changes in the attendant metadata, and is not linked to any known biases in surface temperature measurements. The drop is not concentrated in any discrete region of the Northern Hemisphere oceans, but its amplitude is largest over the northern North Atlantic.","AbstractOtherLang":null,"BibLvlCode":"AS","StandardTitle":"An abrupt drop in Northern Hemisphere sea surface temperature around 1970","OrigTitleLangCode":"en","OrigTitleLangCodeExtended":"eng","OrigTitleLangID":15,"DateLastModified":{"date":"2026-06-11 01:31:42.488457","timezone_type":1,"timezone":"+02:00"},"UserAccessRight":null,"UserAccID":null,"AuthorKeywords":null,"OtherDescriptors":null,"Notes":null,"AnaPub":2010,"MonPub":null,"DateUpdate":"2018-02-15","DateCreate":"2010-10-04","SecASFANote":null,"ConfID":null,"PeerRev":1,"VlizCoreFlag":1,"WoScode":"WOS:000282090200039","VABBcode":null,"OpenAcc":0,"DOI":"10.1038/nature09394"},"refs":null,"anarec":{"AnaID":199042,"PubliDate":2010,"Pagination":"444-447","XtraPublOfAnaID":null,"ISBN":null,"Volume":"467","Issue":"7314","BRefMon":null,"BRefMonRR":null,"BRefXtra":null,"BRefXtraRR":null,"SerBRefID":43431,"SerRR":"Nature: International Weekly Journal of Science. Nature Publishing Group: London. ISSN 0028-0836; e-ISSN 1476-4687","StandardTitleSer":"Nature: International Weekly Journal of Science","ISSN":"0028-0836","AbbrevSer":"Nature (Lond.)","StandardTitleMon":null,"StartPage":444,"Pages":4,"ToPubliDate":null,"BRefBibLvlCode":"S","SerNotes":null},"monrec":null,"serrec":null,"relations":null,"relationsRev":null,"addrec":null,"othpubs":null,"ownerships":null,"authors":[{"AutName":"Thompson","Firstname":"David","Initials":"D.W.J.","Affiliation":"Colorado State Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.","Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":1,"BEntID":191351,"AutID":313162,"OrderNr":1,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null},{"AutName":"Wallace","Firstname":"John","Initials":"J.M.","Affiliation":"Univ Washington, Dept Atmospher Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.","Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":1,"BEntID":191351,"AutID":313163,"OrderNr":2,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null},{"AutName":"Kennedy","Firstname":"John","Initials":"J.J.","Affiliation":"Met Off, Hadley Ctr, Exeter EX1 3PB, Devon, England.","Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":1,"BEntID":191351,"AutID":313164,"OrderNr":3,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null},{"AutName":"Jones","Firstname":"Phil","Initials":"P.D.","Affiliation":"Univ E Anglia, Climat Res Unit, Norwich NR4 7TJ, Norfolk, England.","Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":191351,"AutID":313165,"OrderNr":4,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null}],"mapdetails":null,"datasets":null,"monographs":null,"monparts":null,"serparts":null,"BEntOpen":null,"BEntPrivate":null,"availability":[{"BInstID":214817,"LibID":36,"BRefID":199042,"EmbargoDate":null,"FullEmbargoDate":null,"PhysMedID":16,"hasOCRd":1,"ShelfLocCode":"214817","RFID":null,"PaidValue":null,"Medium":"Server","Description":"Interne VLIZ documenten","Acronym":"VLIZ","Library":"Vlaams Instituut voor de Zee","DutchTerm":"Non-open access","URL":null,"ClassifID":228,"Classification":"Non-open access","ReqLink":1,"ClassifTypID":3,"URLLocation":"https://www.vliz.be/imisdocs/publications/","SubDir":1,"InternalReq":1,"LoggedInReq":1,"Disclaimer":"Disclaimer_VLIZ_Intern","DutchDisclaimer":"
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