{"refrec":{"BRefID":204681,"RR":"<b>Cuvelier, D.</b> (2011). Temporal variations of the Mid-Atlantic hydrothermal vent communities from the Lucky Strike vent field. PhD Thesis. Universidade dos Açores. Departamento de Oceanografia e Pescas: Horta.  199 pp.","BEntID":196852,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":0,"wosflag":null,"vabbflag":null,"RefStringPartII":". PhD Thesis. Universidade dos Açores. Departamento de Oceanografia e Pescas: Horta.  199 pp.","DocTypID":5,"DocType":"Book/Monograph","MarineFlag":1,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"Cuvelier, D.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"Cuvelier, D.","Englishabstract":"The  first  Mid-Atlantic  hydrothermal  vents  were  discovered  in  1985  (Rona  et  al.,  1986),  almost  10  years  after  the  first  hydrothermal  vent  discovery  at  the  Galápagos  Rift  (Lonsdale,  1979).  Over  three  decades  of  research  on  these  extreme  deep-sea  ecosystems  has  improved  our  knowledge  on  the  mega-and  macrofauna  inhabiting  these  peculiar  habitats  substantially.  Less  is  known  about  the  community  structure  and  the  spatial  and  temporal  distributions  of  the  fauna  in  relation  to  abiotic  andbiotic  factors.  Ecological  time-series  studies  of  temporal  variation  are  indispensable  to  comprehend  the  functioning  of  an  ecosystem.  However,  such  studies  at  hydrothermal  vents  are  scarce  and  mostly  restricted  to  well-known  and  more  accessible  sites  in  the  East  Pacific  Ocean  (EPR  and  NEP).  Imagery  analysis  is  an  important  tool  to  assess  temporal  variation  at  these  often  remote  and  extreme  ecosystems  both  under  conitions  of  continuous  venting  (Hessler  et  al.,  1985,  1988;  Fustec  et  al.,  1987;  Sarrazin  et  al.,  1997;  Desbruyères,  1998)  and  post-eruptive  nascent  vent  development  (Tunnicliffe  et  al.,  1997;  Shank  et  al.,  1998a;  Tsurumi  &  Tunnicliffe,  2001;  Shank  et  al.,  2003;  Nees  et  al.,  2008;  Marcus  et  al.,  2009).  Until  now,  only  one  single  long-term  temporal  dynamics  study  is  available  for  the  Mid-Atlantic  Ridge  (MAR),  where  decadal-scale  changes  were  assessed  at  the  TAG  sulfide  mound  (Copley  et  al.,  2007a).       The  study  presented  here  is  the  first  high-resolution  long-term  variations  study  on  the  Mid-Atlantic  Ridge,  investigating  both  long-term  (>10  years)  variations  in  community  structure  as  well  as  dynamics  on  shorter  time-scales  (1  to  4  years).  In  this  dissertation,  assemblage  distribution  patterns  and  zonation  on  the  Eiffel  Tower  edifice  (part  of  the  Lucky  Strike  vent  field,  south  of  the  Azores,  situated  at  a  mean  depth  of  1700m)  is  assessed  by  use  of  image  analyses.  The  protocol  wielded  is  described,  which  then  was  elaborated  to  allow  comparisons  between  the  years  and  to  study  14  years  of  community  dynamics.  Trends  in  temporal  variations  are  described.  Overall  decadal-scale  constancy  appears  to  persevere,  however  on  smaller  time  and  spatial  scales,  changes  do  occur.  A  succession  model  is  proposed  and  a  quantification  of  the  rate  of  change  at  the  slower-spreading  MAR  is  evaluated  and  compared  to  that  of  faster-spreading  ridges  (NEP).  While  imagery  analysis  was  used  to  unravel  main  temporal  and  spatial  variation  trends,  discrete  biological  samples  and  physico-chemical  measurements  were  analysed  to  better  comprehend  the  discrepancies  observed.  Microhabitats  were  characterised  by  the  extent  of  fluctuations  in  environmental  variables,  while  temperature  was  identified  as  being  a  more  limiting  factor,  separating  the  mussel-based  assemblages  from  the  shrimps.  In  addition,  species  lists  from  past  and  on-going  sampling  during  the  French  cruises,  stored  in  the Biocean  database  (Fabri  et  al.,  2006),  were  analysed  to  identify  changes  over  time  within  the  Lucky  Strike  vent  field.  Based  on  the  data  at  hand,  no  significant  differences  in  species  composition  between  different  edifices  and  years  were  revealed.  This  dissertation  allowed  us  to  gather  new  insights  on  the  ecosystem  functioning  of  Mid-Atlantic  hydrothermal  vents.  Larger-scale  applications  and  extrapolation  of  these  results  and  models  are  proposed,  for  which  the  collection  of  new  data  is  needed.     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