{"refrec":{"BRefID":205692,"RR":"<b>Tepolt, C.K.; Darling, J.A.; Bagley, M.J.; Geller, J.B.; Blum, M.J.; Grosholz, E.D.</b> (2009). European green crabs (<i>Carcinus maenas</i>) in the northeastern Pacific: Genetic evidence for high population connectivity and current-mediated expansion from a single introduced source population. <i>Diversity Distrib. 15(6)</i>: 997-1009. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1472-4642.2009.00605.x\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1472-4642.2009.00605.x</a>","BEntID":197818,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":1,"wosflag":1,"vabbflag":null,"RefStringPartII":". <i>Diversity Distrib. 15(6)</i>: 997-1009. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1472-4642.2009.00605.x\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1472-4642.2009.00605.x</a>","DocTypID":8,"DocType":"Journal article","MarineFlag":1,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"Tepolt, C.K.; Darling, J.A.; Bagley, M.J.; Geller, J.B.; Blum, M.J.; Grosholz, E.D.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"Tepolt, C.K. <i>et al.</i>","Englishabstract":"Aim&ensp;</b> The European green crab (<em>Carcinus maenas</em>) expanded dramatically after its introduction to the west coast of North America, spreading over 1000&nbsp;km in &lt;&nbsp;10&nbsp;years. We use samples of <em>Carcinus maenas</em> collected over time and space to investigate the genetic patterns underlying the species&rsquo; initial establishment and spread, and discuss our findings in the context of the species&rsquo; life history characteristics and demography.</p></div><div class=\"para\"><p><b>Location&ensp;</b> The central west coast of North America, encompassing California, Oregon, and Washington (USA) and British Columbia (Canada).</p></div><div class=\"para\"><p><b>Methods&ensp;</b> We collected 1040 total samples from 21 sites representing the major episodes of population establishment and expansion along the west coast of North America. Microsatellite markers were used to assess genetic diversity and structure at different time points in the species&rsquo; spread, to investigate connectivity between embayments and to estimate both short-term effective population sizes and the number of original founders. Assignment testing was performed to determine the likely source of the introduction.</p></div><div class=\"para\"><p><b>Results&ensp;</b><em>Carcinus maenas</em> in western North America likely derived from a single introduction of a small number of founders to San Francisco Bay, CA from the east coast of North America. Throughout its western North American range, the species experiences periodic migration between embayments, resulting in a minor loss of genetic diversity in more recently established populations versus the populations in the area of initial establishment.</p></div><div class=\"para\"><p><b>Main conclusions&ensp;</b> Low genetic diversity has not precluded the ability of <em>C. maenas</em> to successfully establish and spread on the west coast of North America. An efficient oceanographic transport mechanism combined with highly conducive life history traits are likely the major drivers of <em>C. maenas</em> spread. Evidence for a single introduction underscores the potential utility of early detection and eradication of high-risk invasive species.","AbstractOtherLang":null,"BibLvlCode":"AS","StandardTitle":"European green crabs (<i>Carcinus maenas</i>) in the northeastern Pacific: Genetic evidence for high population connectivity and current-mediated expansion from a single introduced source population","OrigTitleLangCode":"en","OrigTitleLangCodeExtended":"eng","OrigTitleLangID":15,"DateLastModified":{"date":"2026-06-11 01:31:43.801071","timezone_type":1,"timezone":"+02:00"},"UserAccessRight":null,"UserAccID":null,"AuthorKeywords":"Biological invasions; El Nino-Southern Oscillation; invasion dynamics;larval dispersal; marine invasions; range expansion","OtherDescriptors":null,"Notes":null,"AnaPub":2009,"MonPub":null,"DateUpdate":"2018-02-13","DateCreate":"2011-06-06","SecASFANote":null,"ConfID":null,"PeerRev":1,"VlizCoreFlag":1,"WoScode":"WOS:000270735000008","VABBcode":null,"OpenAcc":0,"DOI":"10.1111/j.1472-4642.2009.00605.x"},"refs":null,"anarec":{"AnaID":205692,"PubliDate":2009,"Pagination":"997-1009","XtraPublOfAnaID":null,"ISBN":null,"Volume":"15","Issue":"6","BRefMon":null,"BRefMonRR":null,"BRefXtra":null,"BRefXtraRR":null,"SerBRefID":99812,"SerRR":"Diversity and Distributions. 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