{"refrec":{"BRefID":207923,"RR":"<b>Essink, K.</b> (1999). Dispersal and development of <i>Marenzelleria</i> spp. (Polychaeta, Spionidae) populations in NW Europe and The Netherlands. <i>Helgol. Meeresunters. 52(3-4)</i>: 367-372","BEntID":199922,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":0,"wosflag":null,"vabbflag":null,"RefStringPartII":". <i>Helgol. Meeresunters. 52(3-4)</i>: 367-372","DocTypID":8,"DocType":"Journal article","MarineFlag":1,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"Essink, K.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"Essink, K.","Englishabstract":"The North American spionid polychaete<i>Marenzelleria</i> cf.<i>wireni</i> was first recorded in the North Sea by Scotland in 1982.<i>Marenzelleria</i> cf.<i>viridis</i> was first found in the Baltic Sea in 1985. Tentative routes of dispersal since then are presented in this paper. In the Netherlands, a biological monitoring programme has revealed populations of<i>M.</i> cf.<i>wireni</i> in the Ems estuary, Wadden Sea, and in the SW Netherlands. In the Dollard (Ems estuary) a large population has developed (2000&#8211;3000 individuals m<sup>&#8722;2</sup>; 8&#8211;16 g ash-free dry weight m<sup>&#8722;2</sup>). Since the introduction, the macrozoobenthic community has changed from being dominated (by biomass) by bivalves, to domination by polychaetes. Recently, a similar population started to develop at Balgzand (western Dutch Wadden Sea).     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ISSN 0174-3597","StandardTitleSer":"Helgoländer Meeresuntersuchungen","ISSN":"0174-3597","AbbrevSer":"Helgol. 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