{"refrec":{"BRefID":210675,"RR":"<b>Gazeau, F.; Middelburg, J.J.; Loijens, M.; Vanderborght, J.P.; Pizay, M.D.; Gattuso, J.P.</b> (2007). Planktonic primary production in estuaries: comparison of <sup>14</sup>C, O<sub>2</sub> and <sup>18</sup>O methods. <i>Aquat. Microb. Ecol. 46(1)</i>: 95-106. <a href=\"http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/ame046095\" target=\"_blank\">dx.doi.org/10.3354/ame046095</a>","BEntID":202597,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":1,"wosflag":1,"vabbflag":null,"RefStringPartII":". <i>Aquat. Microb. Ecol. 46(1)</i>: 95-106. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.3354/ame046095\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.3354/ame046095</a>","DocTypID":8,"DocType":"Journal article","MarineFlag":0,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"Gazeau, F.; Middelburg, J.J.; Loijens, M.; Vanderborght, J.P.; Pizay, M.D.; Gattuso, J.P.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"Gazeau, F. <i>et al.</i>","Englishabstract":"Rates of primary production were measured in 2 estuaries (Randers Fjord, Denmark, and the Scheldt estuary, Belgium/The Netherlands) using 3 different incubation methods: (1) the oxygen light-dark method (O<sub>2</sub>-LD), (2) <sup>14</sup>C incorporation and (3) <sup>18</sup>O labeling. Estimates based on the <sup>14</sup>C incorporation technique were not significantly different from those obtained using the O<sub>2</sub>-LD technique. The <sup>18</sup>O approach provided rates significantly lower than the 2 other techniques. Ratios of O<sub>2</sub>-LD to <sup>18</sup>O-based rates (range: 0.99 to 3.54) were often statistically significantly higher than 1 and increased with decreasing salinities and/or lower oxygen concentrations. The underestimation of gross primary production by the <sup>18</sup>O method may be due to an intracellular recycling of labeled oxygen which increased in magnitude with decreasing external oxygen conditions. 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