{"refrec":{"BRefID":211211,"RR":"<b>Santos, R.; Flammang, P.</b> (2008). Estimation of the attachment strength of the shingle sea urchin, <i>Colobocentrotus atratus</i>, and comparison with three sympatric echinoids. <i>Mar. Biol. (Berl.) 154(1)</i>: 37-49. <a href=\"http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00227-007-0895-6\" target=\"_blank\">dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00227-007-0895-6</a>","BEntID":203133,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":1,"wosflag":1,"vabbflag":null,"RefStringPartII":". <i>Mar. Biol. (Berl.) 154(1)</i>: 37-49. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00227-007-0895-6\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00227-007-0895-6</a>","DocTypID":8,"DocType":"Journal article","MarineFlag":1,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"Santos, R.; Flammang, P.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"Santos, R.; Flammang, P.","Englishabstract":"The peculiar limpet-like morphology of the genus <i>Colobocentrotus</i> is unique among the regular echinoids. This shape has been interpreted as an adaptation to life in areas of extreme wave exposure. In this study the attachment strength of <i>C. atratus</i> is compared with that of three sympatric species, <i>Echinometra mathaei</i>, <i>Heterocentrotus trigonarius</i> and <i>Stomopneustes variolaris</i>, which have more typical echinoid morphology and live in different microhabitats. For each species, the adhesion of individual sea urchins was measured as well as the tenacity of single tube foot and the mechanical properties of the tube foot stems. <i>Colobocentrotus</i> always presented the highest measured values, although not always significantly different from those of the other species. Of the mechanical properties of the stem measured, the stem extensibility was the only property that was significantly different among species. In general the stems of all the species studied became more extensible and more difficult to break with increasing strain rate, providing an adaptative advantage to the sea urchin when subjected to rapid loads such as waves. In terms of single tube foot tenacity, <i>C. atratus</i> tube feet attached with a tenacity (0.54 MPa) two times higher than the one of <i>E. mathaei, H. trigonarius</i> and <i>S. variolaris</i> (0.21-0.25 MPa). Individual sea urchins of the four species, however, attached with a similar strength (0.2-0.26 MPa). The calculation of safety factors showed that it is the very high number of adoral tube feet of <i>C. atratus</i> and not the overall shape of the animal that allows this species to withstand very high water velocities. However, <i>C. atratus</i> streamlined morphology may be a functional adaptation to reduce the impact of other hydrodynamic forces (such as wave impingement forces) or to cope with other selective environmental stresses (such as dessication), and thus to inhabit extremely exposed areas of the intertidal.","AbstractOtherLang":null,"BibLvlCode":"AS","StandardTitle":"Estimation of the attachment strength of the shingle sea urchin, <i>Colobocentrotus atratus</i>, and comparison with three sympatric echinoids","OrigTitleLangCode":"en","OrigTitleLangCodeExtended":"eng","OrigTitleLangID":15,"DateLastModified":{"date":"2026-04-20 01:31:54.542642","timezone_type":1,"timezone":"+02:00"},"UserAccessRight":null,"UserAccID":null,"AuthorKeywords":null,"OtherDescriptors":null,"Notes":null,"AnaPub":2008,"MonPub":null,"DateUpdate":"2015-11-05","DateCreate":"2011-12-22","SecASFANote":null,"ConfID":null,"PeerRev":1,"VlizCoreFlag":1,"WoScode":"WOS:000254260800003","VABBcode":null,"OpenAcc":0,"DOI":"10.1007/s00227-007-0895-6"},"refs":null,"anarec":{"AnaID":211211,"PubliDate":2008,"Pagination":"37-49","XtraPublOfAnaID":null,"ISBN":null,"Volume":"154","Issue":"1","BRefMon":null,"BRefMonRR":null,"BRefXtra":null,"BRefXtraRR":null,"SerBRefID":43352,"SerRR":"Marine Biology: International Journal on Life in Oceans and Coastal Waters. Springer: Heidelberg; Berlin.  ISSN 0025-3162; e-ISSN 1432-1793","StandardTitleSer":"Marine Biology: International Journal on Life in Oceans and Coastal Waters","ISSN":"0025-3162","AbbrevSer":"Mar. Biol. (Berl.)","StandardTitleMon":null,"StartPage":37,"Pages":13,"ToPubliDate":null,"BRefBibLvlCode":"S","SerNotes":null},"monrec":null,"serrec":null,"relations":null,"relationsRev":null,"addrec":null,"othpubs":null,"ownerships":null,"authors":[{"AutName":"Santos","Firstname":"Romana","Initials":"R.","Affiliation":"Inst Tecnol Quim & Biol, Lab Espectrometria Massa, P-2781901 Oeiras, Portugal. ;   Univ Mons, Acad Univ Wallonie Bruxelles, Biol Marine Lab, B-7000 Mons, Belgium.","Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":203133,"AutID":140154,"OrderNr":1,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":"BIOMAR","InsFSN":"Université Libre de Bruxelles; Centre Interuniversitaire de Biologie Marine (ULB - UMH); Biologie Marine - UMH","ORCID":"0000-0001-7720-6806","PersID":28117,"InsID":1600},{"AutName":"Flammang","Firstname":"Patrick","Initials":"P.","Affiliation":"Univ Mons, Acad Univ Wallonie Bruxelles, Biol Marine Lab, B-7000 Mons, Belgium.","Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":203133,"AutID":140155,"OrderNr":2,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":"BIOMAR","InsFSN":"Université Libre de Bruxelles; Centre Interuniversitaire de Biologie Marine (ULB - UMH); Biologie Marine - UMH","ORCID":"0000-0001-9938-1154","PersID":8123,"InsID":1600}],"mapdetails":null,"datasets":null,"monographs":null,"monparts":null,"serparts":null,"BEntOpen":null,"BEntPrivate":null,"availability":[{"BInstID":280036,"LibID":36,"BRefID":211211,"EmbargoDate":null,"FullEmbargoDate":null,"PhysMedID":16,"hasOCRd":1,"ShelfLocCode":"280036","RFID":null,"PaidValue":null,"Medium":"Server","Description":null,"Acronym":"VLIZ","Library":"Vlaams Instituut voor de Zee","DutchTerm":"Open Marien Archief","URL":null,"ClassifID":235,"Classification":"Open Marine Archive","ReqLink":null,"ClassifTypID":5,"URLLocation":"https://www.vliz.be/imisdocs/publications/","SubDir":0,"InternalReq":0,"LoggedInReq":0,"Disclaimer":"Disclaimer_OMA","DutchDisclaimer":null,"FileFormat":".pdf","FileDescr":"pdf","InsPub":1,"InsID":36,"FileFormID":6,"LendableFlag":1,"PublicFlag":1,"orderLib":"A","Notes":null,"AccConID":null,"AccessConstraint":null,"LicURL":null}],"litstyles":null,"thespers":null,"arch2discl":null,"SERpubls":[{"PublName":"Springer","City":"Heidelberg; Berlin"}],"MONpubls":null,"pictures":[],"thestermsPath":null,"thestermsASFA":null,"taxtermsASFA":null,"geotermsASFA":null,"collections":[{"Collection":"OMA - Open Marien Archief","ShortName":"OMA"}],"conf":null,"proj":null,"Physdatasets":null,"spcols":{"222":{"SpName":"BMB - Belgische Mariene Bibliografie","SpColID":222,"ParSpColID":null,"TopParID":null,"ShortName":"BMB","URLLocation":null,"LibID":36,"OpenRepoFlag":null,"SpTypID":null,"TopParIDNotWebsite":null,"SpColPath":"BMB"},"221":{"SpName":"OMA - Open Marien Archief","SpColID":221,"ParSpColID":null,"TopParID":null,"ShortName":"OMA","URLLocation":null,"LibID":36,"OpenRepoFlag":1,"SpTypID":null,"TopParIDNotWebsite":null,"SpColPath":"OMA"}},"doi":null,"publs":null,"serparttypes":null,"monauthors":null,"MParts":null,"SParts":null,"hLibs":null,"langs":[{"BEntID":203133,"AbstractFlag":0,"LangID":15,"LangCode":"en","Lang":"English","DutchTerm":"Engels","LangCodeExtended":"eng"},{"BEntID":203133,"AbstractFlag":1,"LangID":15,"LangCode":"en","Lang":"English","DutchTerm":"Engels","LangCodeExtended":"eng"}],"urls":[{"URL":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00227-007-0895-6","externalID":"10.1007/s00227-007-0895-6","URLTypeCode":"DOI","URLID":20138,"URLTypID":13,"URLType":"DOI","URLPrefix":"http://dx.doi.org/"}],"thesterms":null,"taxterms":null,"geoterms":null,"othterms":null,"asfacodes":null,"asfa2codes":null,"thestermsFRIS":null,"taxtermsFRIS":null,"geotermsFRIS":null,"othtermsFRIS":null,"resmessage":"","complete":1,"sessions":{"newSesName":"Lyssens, Liesbeth, L.","newSesDate":{"date":"2011-12-22 20:32:15.553000","timezone_type":3,"timezone":"Europe/Brussels"},"updSesName":"Bouchti, Zohra, Z.","updSesDate":{"date":"2015-11-05 08:30:32.517000","timezone_type":3,"timezone":"Europe/Brussels"}}}