{"refrec":{"BRefID":218208,"RR":"Villanueva, R.D.; Sousa, A.M.M.; Gonçalves, M.P.; Nilsson, M.; Hilliou, L. (2010). Production and properties of agar from the invasive marine alga, Gracilaria vermiculophylla (Gracilariales, Rhodophyta). J. Appl. Phycol. 22(2): 211-220. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10811-009-9444-7","BEntID":209951,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":1,"wosflag":1,"vabbflag":null,"RefStringPartII":". J. Appl. Phycol. 22(2): 211-220. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10811-009-9444-7","DocTypID":8,"DocType":"Journal article","MarineFlag":1,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"Villanueva, R.D.; Sousa, A.M.M.; Gonçalves, M.P.; Nilsson, M.; Hilliou, L.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"Villanueva, R.D. et al.","Englishabstract":"The utilization potential, in terms of agar production, of the invasive alga, Gracilaria vermiculophylla, collected at Ria de Aveiro, northwestern Portugal was investigated. The agar yield ranged from 15% to 33%, with pre-extraction treatment with alkali generally increasing the yield. The gel quality (gel strength and apparent Young’s modulus) was best (>600 g cm-2 and >1,000 kPa, respectively) when alkali treatment with 6% NaOH for 3.5 h was performed. At these pretreatment conditions, the effect of extraction time was also investigated and highest yield and best gel quality were obtained with a 2 h extraction time. By employing these extraction conditions, G. vermiculophylla can be a source of industrial food-grade agar. The structure of agar from G. vermiculophylla was determined through chemical techniques and FTIR and NMR spectrometry. It is mainly composed of alternating 3-linked d-galactose and 4-linked 3,6-anhydro-l-galactose, with methyl substitution occurring at 16–19 mol% of C-6 in 3-linked units and 2–3 mol% of C-2 in 4-linked units. A minor sulfation on C-4 of 3-linked units was also detected; while precursor units (6-sulfated 4-linked galactosyl moieties) were found in the native extract. ","AbstractOtherLang":null,"BibLvlCode":"AS","StandardTitle":"Production and properties of agar from the invasive marine alga, Gracilaria vermiculophylla (Gracilariales, Rhodophyta)","OrigTitleLangCode":"en","OrigTitleLangCodeExtended":"eng","OrigTitleLangID":15,"DateLastModified":{"date":"2026-06-11 01:31:46.207540","timezone_type":1,"timezone":"+02:00"},"UserAccessRight":null,"UserAccID":null,"AuthorKeywords":"Agar; Alkali treatment; Extraction; Gel strength; Gracilaria vermiculophylla ; Invasive alga ","OtherDescriptors":null,"Notes":null,"AnaPub":2010,"MonPub":null,"DateUpdate":"2018-02-13","DateCreate":"2012-09-13","SecASFANote":null,"ConfID":null,"PeerRev":1,"VlizCoreFlag":1,"WoScode":"WOS:000275538700013","VABBcode":null,"OpenAcc":0,"DOI":"10.1007/s10811-009-9444-7"},"refs":null,"anarec":{"AnaID":218208,"PubliDate":2010,"Pagination":"211-220","XtraPublOfAnaID":null,"ISBN":null,"Volume":"22","Issue":"2","BRefMon":null,"BRefMonRR":null,"BRefXtra":null,"BRefXtraRR":null,"SerBRefID":43025,"SerRR":"Journal of Applied Phycology. Springer: Dordrecht. ISSN 0921-8971; e-ISSN 1573-5176","StandardTitleSer":"Journal of Applied Phycology","ISSN":"0921-8971","AbbrevSer":"J. Appl. Phycol.","StandardTitleMon":null,"StartPage":211,"Pages":10,"ToPubliDate":null,"BRefBibLvlCode":"S","SerNotes":null},"monrec":null,"serrec":null,"relations":null,"relationsRev":null,"addrec":null,"othpubs":null,"ownerships":null,"authors":[{"AutName":"Villanueva","Firstname":null,"Initials":"R.D.","Affiliation":null,"Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":209951,"AutID":151591,"OrderNr":1,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null},{"AutName":"Sousa","Firstname":null,"Initials":"A.M.M.","Affiliation":null,"Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":209951,"AutID":151592,"OrderNr":2,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null},{"AutName":"Gonçalves","Firstname":null,"Initials":"M.P.","Affiliation":null,"Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":209951,"AutID":151593,"OrderNr":3,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null},{"AutName":"Nilsson","Firstname":"Mans","Initials":"M.","Affiliation":null,"Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":209951,"AutID":114475,"OrderNr":4,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null},{"AutName":"Hilliou","Firstname":null,"Initials":"L.","Affiliation":null,"Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":209951,"AutID":151594,"OrderNr":5,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null}],"mapdetails":null,"datasets":null,"monographs":null,"monparts":null,"serparts":null,"BEntOpen":null,"BEntPrivate":null,"availability":[{"BInstID":238373,"LibID":36,"BRefID":218208,"EmbargoDate":null,"FullEmbargoDate":null,"PhysMedID":16,"hasOCRd":1,"ShelfLocCode":"238373","RFID":null,"PaidValue":null,"Medium":"Server","Description":"Interne VLIZ documenten","Acronym":"VLIZ","Library":"Vlaams Instituut voor de Zee","DutchTerm":"Non-open access","URL":null,"ClassifID":228,"Classification":"Non-open access","ReqLink":1,"ClassifTypID":3,"URLLocation":"https://www.vliz.be/imisdocs/publications/","SubDir":1,"InternalReq":1,"LoggedInReq":1,"Disclaimer":"Disclaimer_VLIZ_Intern","DutchDisclaimer":"
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