{"refrec":{"BRefID":221229,"RR":"<b>McClanahan, T. R.</b> (1995). Fish predators and scavengers of the sea urchin <i>Echinometra mathaei</i> in Kenyan coral reef marine parks. <i>Environ. Biol. Fish. 43(2)</i>: 187-193. <a href=\"http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00002490\" target=\"_blank\">dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00002490</a>","BEntID":212959,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":1,"wosflag":1,"vabbflag":null,"RefStringPartII":". <i>Environ. Biol. Fish. 43(2)</i>: 187-193. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00002490\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00002490</a>","DocTypID":8,"DocType":"Journal article","MarineFlag":1,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"McClanahan, T. R.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"McClanahan, T. R.","Englishabstract":"Predation on 120 adult sea urchins of the species <i>Echinometra mathaei</i> was observed during daylight in shallow-water coral reefs (0.5 to 3 m deep) in a variety of sites in 3 Kenyan marine parks. The predators were few (8 species) and dominated by the triggerfish <i>Balistapus undulates</i> (65 % of all observations) followed by terminal-male wrasses <i>Coris formosa</i>, <i>C. aygula</i> and <i>Cheilinus trilobatus</i>, and lastly the scavenger <i>Lethrinus mahsena</i>. Those species that attempted, but failed, to prey on <i>E. mathaei</i> were slightly more numerous (11 species), while scavengers of opened carcasses were the most speciose (20 species). Based on these observations, it is suggested that <i>B. undulates</i> is a ‘keystone predator’ and that fishery regulations that protect this species may be necessary in order to reduce the detrimental consequences of high sea urchin abundance — such as high reef substrate erosion and competitive exclusion of fishes.","AbstractOtherLang":null,"BibLvlCode":"AS","StandardTitle":"Fish predators and scavengers of the sea urchin <i>Echinometra mathaei</i> in Kenyan coral reef marine parks","OrigTitleLangCode":"en","OrigTitleLangCodeExtended":"eng","OrigTitleLangID":15,"DateLastModified":{"date":"2024-12-10 01:33:17.368041","timezone_type":1,"timezone":"+01:00"},"UserAccessRight":null,"UserAccID":null,"AuthorKeywords":"Fishery management, keystone predator, triggerfish, wrasses, fishes","OtherDescriptors":null,"Notes":null,"AnaPub":1995,"MonPub":null,"DateUpdate":"2013-08-02","DateCreate":"2012-12-12","SecASFANote":null,"ConfID":null,"PeerRev":1,"VlizCoreFlag":1,"WoScode":"WOS:A1995RC89400013","VABBcode":null,"OpenAcc":0,"DOI":"10.1007/BF00002490"},"refs":null,"anarec":{"AnaID":221229,"PubliDate":1995,"Pagination":"187-193","XtraPublOfAnaID":null,"ISBN":null,"Volume":"43","Issue":"2","BRefMon":null,"BRefMonRR":null,"BRefXtra":null,"BRefXtraRR":null,"SerBRefID":42826,"SerRR":"Environmental Biology of Fishes. 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