{"refrec":{"BRefID":221986,"RR":"<b>Vandenberghe, N.; Herman, J.; Laga, P.; Louwye, S.; De Schepper, S.; Vandenberghe, J.; Bohncke, S.; Konert, M.</b> (2000). The stratigraphic position of a Pliocene tidal clay deposit at Grobbendonk (Antwerp province, Belgium). <i>Geol. Belg. 3(3-4)</i>: 405-417","BEntID":213713,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":0,"wosflag":1,"vabbflag":1,"RefStringPartII":". <i>Geol. Belg. 3(3-4)</i>: 405-417","DocTypID":8,"DocType":"Journal article","MarineFlag":1,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"Vandenberghe, N.; Herman, J.; Laga, P.; Louwye, S.; De Schepper, S.; Vandenberghe, J.; Bohncke, S.; Konert, M.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"Vandenberghe, N. <i>et al.</i>","Englishabstract":"In a section located in Grobbendonk (Antwerp Campine area, Belgium) a tidal clay deposit is described which according to regional analysis could correlate with the Kruisschans Member of the Pliocene Lillo Formation. Mollusc and fish fossils point to a colder climate during the deposition of the Kruisschans Sand. A pollen analysis of the Grobbendonk clay shows that it was formed during a cold climate, either during the Pretiglian or during the Pliocene. The latter possibility is preferred because of the regional stratigraphie analysis and the absence of marine Pretiglian in the area. A dinoflagellate study of the Grobbendonk clay compares the stratigraphie position of the clay to the Waltonian, Pre-Ludhamian, Ludhamian regional stages of the U.K. Because of the cold climate during the deposition a Pre-Ludhamian formation time is preferred. 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