{"refrec":{"BRefID":222510,"RR":"<b>Baldwin, R.M.; Collins, M.; Van Waerebeek, K.; Minton, G.</b> (2004). The Indo-Pacific humpback dolphin of the Arabian region: a status review. <i>Aquat. Mamm. 30(1)</i>: 111-124. <a href=\"http://dx.doi.org/10.1578/AM.30.1.2004.111\" target=\"_blank\">http://dx.doi.org/10.1578/AM.30.1.2004.111</a>","BEntID":214236,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":0,"wosflag":1,"vabbflag":null,"RefStringPartII":". <i>Aquat. Mamm. 30(1)</i>: 111-124. <a href=\"http://dx.doi.org/10.1578/AM.30.1.2004.111\" target=\"_blank\">http://dx.doi.org/10.1578/AM.30.1.2004.111</a>","DocTypID":8,"DocType":"Journal article","MarineFlag":1,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"Baldwin, R.M.; Collins, M.; Van Waerebeek, K.; Minton, G.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"Baldwin, R.M. <i>et al.</i>","Englishabstract":"Records of Indo-Pacific humpback dolphin sightings, strandings, and  museum specimens in the Arabian region were compiled and used to review  the distribution and status of this species. Nominal usage of<i> Sousa chinensis </i> (Osbeck, 1765) has been retained as a pragmatic measure, although the species present in the region resembles<i> Sousa plumbea</i> (Cuvier, 1828). Little is known about the ecology of this species in the region. Most available information on<i> S. chinensis </i> in the region originates from the Sultanate of Oman, where this species  is among the most commonly recorded cetaceans; however, there is no  absolute measure of abundance for anywhere in the region and the status  of the species is unknown. Distribution is described for the region to  include much of the Arabian (Persian) Gulf, Arabian Sea, Gulf of Aden,  and Red Sea, but notably excludes the Gulf of Oman. This discontinuous  distribution suggests the possible presence of discrete populations  within the region. Beach-cast/dead individuals represent nearly  two-thirds of all records (n=303) of this species in Oman. Live  sightings indicate unusually large group sizes (up to 100 individuals)  in the Arabian Sea and Arabian Gulf. Occasional associations with<i> Tursiops</i> sp. and <i> Delphinus capensis tropicalis</i> were documented. Mating behavior and the presence of calves were  recorded in the months of April and May, and calves were also reported  in June, October, November, and December. Threats to humpback dolphins  in the Arabian region include incidental capture in fishing nets,  coastal and offshore development (e.g., land reclamation, dredging, port  and harbor construction), pollution, boat traffic, oil and gas  exploration (including seismic surveying), military exercises, and  biotoxins associated with red tide events. Evidence for historic and  current directed catches of<i> S. chinensis</i> is limited, but  opportunistic hunting may occur. Intraspecific variation in cranial  measurements of individuals from the Arabian Sea coast of Oman fall  within relative values found in individuals from the Saudi Arabian Gulf  coast. Cranial abnormalities were few. Recommendations are made for  conservation management-oriented research focusing on stock identity and  status assessments, as well as for monitoring of fisheries by-catch,  clearer definition of other threats, continued specimen and sample  collection, and training of local scientists.","AbstractOtherLang":null,"BibLvlCode":"AS","StandardTitle":"The Indo-Pacific humpback dolphin of the Arabian region: a status review","OrigTitleLangCode":"en","OrigTitleLangCodeExtended":"eng","OrigTitleLangID":15,"DateLastModified":{"date":"2026-06-09 01:31:25.781425","timezone_type":1,"timezone":"+02:00"},"UserAccessRight":null,"UserAccID":null,"AuthorKeywords":"HUMPBACK DOLPHIN; SOUSA; ARABIA; PERSIAN GULF; MIDDLE EAST; OMAN; DISTRIBUTION; ABUNDANCE; CONSERVATION","OtherDescriptors":null,"Notes":null,"AnaPub":2004,"MonPub":null,"DateUpdate":"2013-02-19","DateCreate":"2013-02-01","SecASFANote":null,"ConfID":null,"PeerRev":1,"VlizCoreFlag":1,"WoScode":null,"VABBcode":null,"OpenAcc":0,"DOI":"10.1578/AM.30.1.2004.111"},"refs":null,"anarec":{"AnaID":222510,"PubliDate":2004,"Pagination":"111-124","XtraPublOfAnaID":null,"ISBN":null,"Volume":"30","Issue":"1","BRefMon":null,"BRefMonRR":null,"BRefXtra":null,"BRefXtraRR":null,"SerBRefID":42200,"SerRR":"Aquatic Mammals. European Association for Aquatic Mammals: Harderwijk.  ISSN 0167-5427; e-ISSN 1996-7292","StandardTitleSer":"Aquatic Mammals","ISSN":"0167-5427","AbbrevSer":"Aquat. Mamm.","StandardTitleMon":null,"StartPage":111,"Pages":14,"ToPubliDate":null,"BRefBibLvlCode":"S","SerNotes":null},"monrec":null,"serrec":null,"relations":null,"relationsRev":null,"addrec":null,"othpubs":null,"ownerships":null,"authors":[{"AutName":"Baldwin","Firstname":"Robert","Initials":"R.M.","Affiliation":null,"Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":214236,"AutID":157685,"OrderNr":1,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null},{"AutName":"Collins","Firstname":"Moth","Initials":"M.","Affiliation":null,"Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":214236,"AutID":157686,"OrderNr":2,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null},{"AutName":"Van Waerebeek","Firstname":"Koen","Initials":"K.","Affiliation":null,"Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":214236,"AutID":158482,"OrderNr":3,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":27130,"InsID":null},{"AutName":"Minton","Firstname":"Gianna","Initials":"G.","Affiliation":null,"Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":214236,"AutID":157687,"OrderNr":4,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":26763,"InsID":null}],"mapdetails":null,"datasets":null,"monographs":null,"monparts":null,"serparts":null,"BEntOpen":null,"BEntPrivate":null,"availability":[{"BInstID":243204,"LibID":36,"BRefID":222510,"EmbargoDate":null,"FullEmbargoDate":null,"PhysMedID":16,"hasOCRd":1,"ShelfLocCode":"243204","RFID":null,"PaidValue":null,"Medium":"Server","Description":null,"Acronym":"VLIZ","Library":"Vlaams Instituut voor de Zee","DutchTerm":"Open Marien Archief","URL":null,"ClassifID":235,"Classification":"Open Marine Archive","ReqLink":null,"ClassifTypID":5,"URLLocation":"https://www.vliz.be/imisdocs/publications/","SubDir":0,"InternalReq":0,"LoggedInReq":0,"Disclaimer":"Disclaimer_OMA","DutchDisclaimer":null,"FileFormat":".pdf","FileDescr":"pdf","InsPub":1,"InsID":36,"FileFormID":6,"LendableFlag":1,"PublicFlag":1,"orderLib":"A","Notes":null,"AccConID":null,"AccessConstraint":null,"LicURL":null}],"litstyles":null,"thespers":null,"arch2discl":null,"SERpubls":[{"PublName":"European Association for Aquatic Mammals","City":"Harderwijk"}],"MONpubls":null,"pictures":[],"thestermsPath":null,"thestermsASFA":null,"taxtermsASFA":[{"TaxTerm":"Sousa"}],"geotermsASFA":null,"collections":[{"Collection":"OMA - Open Marien Archief","ShortName":"OMA"}],"conf":null,"proj":null,"Physdatasets":null,"spcols":{"222":{"SpName":"BMB - Belgische Mariene Bibliografie","SpColID":222,"ParSpColID":null,"TopParID":null,"ShortName":"BMB","URLLocation":null,"LibID":36,"OpenRepoFlag":null,"SpTypID":null,"TopParIDNotWebsite":null,"SpColPath":"BMB"},"221":{"SpName":"OMA - Open Marien Archief","SpColID":221,"ParSpColID":null,"TopParID":null,"ShortName":"OMA","URLLocation":null,"LibID":36,"OpenRepoFlag":1,"SpTypID":null,"TopParIDNotWebsite":null,"SpColPath":"OMA"}},"doi":null,"publs":null,"serparttypes":null,"monauthors":null,"MParts":null,"SParts":null,"hLibs":null,"langs":[{"BEntID":214236,"AbstractFlag":0,"LangID":15,"LangCode":"en","Lang":"English","DutchTerm":"Engels","LangCodeExtended":"eng"}],"urls":[{"URL":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1578/AM.30.1.2004.111","externalID":"10.1578/AM.30.1.2004.111","URLTypeCode":"DOI","URLID":25441,"URLTypID":13,"URLType":"DOI","URLPrefix":"http://dx.doi.org/"}],"thesterms":null,"taxterms":[{"TaxTerm":"Sousa","AphiaID":204528,"TaxtID":39657}],"geoterms":null,"othterms":null,"asfacodes":null,"asfa2codes":null,"thestermsFRIS":null,"taxtermsFRIS":[{"TaxTerm":"Sousa","DutchTerm":null,"AphiaID":204528,"TaxtID":39657}],"geotermsFRIS":null,"othtermsFRIS":null,"resmessage":"","complete":1,"sessions":{"newSesName":"Bouchti, Zohra, Z.","newSesDate":{"date":"2013-02-01 08:17:17.347000","timezone_type":3,"timezone":"Europe/Brussels"},"updSesName":"Bouchti, Zohra, Z.","updSesDate":{"date":"2013-02-19 15:23:35.813000","timezone_type":3,"timezone":"Europe/Brussels"}}}