{"refrec":{"BRefID":222664,"RR":"<b>Verheye, H.M.; Field, J.G.</b> (1992). Vertical distribution and diel vertical migration of <i>Calanoides carinatus</i> (Krøyer, 1849) developmental stages in the southern Benguela upwelling region. <i>J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 158(1)</i>: 123-140. <a href=\"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-0981(92)90312-X\" target=\"_blank\">http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-0981(92)90312-X</a>","BEntID":214389,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":0,"wosflag":1,"vabbflag":null,"RefStringPartII":". <i>J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 158(1)</i>: 123-140. <a href=\"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-0981(92)90312-X\" target=\"_blank\">http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-0981(92)90312-X</a>","DocTypID":8,"DocType":"Journal article","MarineFlag":1,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"Verheye, H.M.; Field, J.G.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"Verheye, H.M.; Field, J.G.","Englishabstract":"Diel vertical distribution patterns of the copepodite and adult stages of <em>Calanoides carinatus</em> were analysed using a 10-day time series of observations under contrasting upwelling conditions at an Anchor Station in St Helena Bay, South Africa. The diel vertical migratory behaviour of <em>C. carinatus</em> is probably controlled by both exogenous and endogenous factors. Changes in the food assemblage associated with upwelling significantly modified the vertical distribution and migration of <em>C. carinatus</em> from nonmigratory behaviour under nonsatiating feeding conditions (microflagellates) to marked diel vertical migrations in an upwelling-induced, improved feeding environment (small diatoms). Intrinsic factors such as age, sex and state of ovary maturity also play an important role in the vertical habitat partitioning of <em>C. carinatus</em> in St Helena Bay. Such differential migratory strategies are believed to be adaptations for optimal food utilisation and population maintenance through age-specific depth partitioning. Other adaptive advantages are maximization of reproductive success by copulating at depth at night, and rapid egg development and maximal survival of the first-feeding nauplii by spawning near the surface.","AbstractOtherLang":null,"BibLvlCode":"AS","StandardTitle":"Vertical distribution and diel vertical migration of <i>Calanoides carinatus</i> (Krøyer, 1849) developmental stages in the southern Benguela upwelling region","OrigTitleLangCode":"en","OrigTitleLangCodeExtended":"eng","OrigTitleLangID":15,"DateLastModified":{"date":"2026-06-15 01:32:33.376894","timezone_type":1,"timezone":"+02:00"},"UserAccessRight":null,"UserAccID":null,"AuthorKeywords":"<i>    Calanoides carinatus</i>;     Diel vertical migration;     Food availability;     Female maturity;     Ontogenetic;     Sexual differentiation","OtherDescriptors":null,"Notes":null,"AnaPub":1992,"MonPub":null,"DateUpdate":"2013-05-10","DateCreate":"2013-02-06","SecASFANote":null,"ConfID":null,"PeerRev":1,"VlizCoreFlag":1,"WoScode":"WOS:A1992JB77000007","VABBcode":null,"OpenAcc":0,"DOI":"10.1016/0022-0981(92)90312-X"},"refs":null,"anarec":{"AnaID":222664,"PubliDate":1992,"Pagination":"123-140","XtraPublOfAnaID":null,"ISBN":null,"Volume":"158","Issue":"1","BRefMon":null,"BRefMonRR":null,"BRefXtra":null,"BRefXtraRR":null,"SerBRefID":43229,"SerRR":"Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology. 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