{"refrec":{"BRefID":225654,"RR":"<b>Liew, H.J.; De Boeck, G.; Wood, C.M.</b> (2013). An <i>in vitro</i> study of urea, water, ion and CO<sub>2</sub>/HCO<sub>3</sub>- transport in the gastrointestinal tract of the dogfish shark (<i>Squalus acanthias</i>): the influence of feeding. <i>J. Exp. Biol. 216(11)</i>: 2063-2072. <a href=\"http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.082313\" target=\"_blank\">dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.082313</a>","BEntID":217378,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":1,"wosflag":1,"vabbflag":1,"RefStringPartII":". <i>J. Exp. Biol. 216(11)</i>: 2063-2072. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.082313\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.082313</a>","DocTypID":8,"DocType":"Journal article","MarineFlag":1,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"Liew, H.J.; De Boeck, G.; Wood, C.M.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"Liew, H.J. <i>et al.</i>","Englishabstract":"<i>In vitro</i> gut sac preparations made from the cardiac stomach (stomach 1), pyloric stomach (stomach 2), intestine (spiral valve) and colon were used to examine the impact of feeding on transport processes in the gastrointestinal tract of the dogfish shark. Preparations were made from animals that were euthanized after 1–2 weeks of fasting, or at 24–48 h after voluntary feeding on a 3% ration of teleost fish (hake). Sacs were incubated under initially symmetrical conditions with dogfish saline on both surfaces. In comparison to an earlier <i>in vivo</i> study, the results confirmed that feeding caused increases in H<sup>+</sup> secretion in both stomach sections, but an increase in Cl<sup>-</sup> secretion only in stomach 2. Na<sup>+</sup> absorption, rather than Na<sup>+</sup> secretion, occurred in both stomach sections after feeding. All sections of the tract absorbed water and the intestine strongly absorbed Na<sup>+</sup> and Cl<sup>-</sup>, regardless of feeding condition. The results also confirmed that feeding increased water absorption in the intestine (but not in the colon), and had little influence on the handling of Ca<sup>2+</sup> and Mg<sup>2+</sup>, which exhibited negligible absorption across the tract. However, K<sup>+</sup> was secreted in the intestine in both fasted and fed preparations. Increased intestinal water absorption occurred despite net osmolyte secretion into the mucosal saline. The largest changes occurred in urea and CO<sub>2</sub>/HCO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup> fluxes. In fasted preparations, urea was absorbed at a low rate in all sections except the intestine, where it was secreted. Instead of an increase in intestinal urea secretion predicted from <i>in vivo</i> data, feeding caused a marked switch to net urea absorption. This intestinal urea transport occurred at a rate comparable to urea reabsorption rates reported at gills and kidney, and was apparently active, establishing a large serosal-to-mucosal concentration gradient. Feeding also greatly increased intestinal CO<sub>2</sub>/HCO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup> secretion; if interpreted as HCO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup> transport, the rates were in the upper range of those reported in marine teleosts. Phloretin (0.25 mmol l<sup>-1</sup>, applied mucosally) completely blocked the increases in intestinal urea absorption and CO<sub>2</sub>/HCO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup> secretion caused by feeding, but had no effect on Na<sup>+</sup>, Cl<sup>-</sup> or water absorption.","AbstractOtherLang":null,"BibLvlCode":"AS","StandardTitle":"An <i>in vitro</i> study of urea, water, ion and CO<sub>2</sub>/HCO<sub>3</sub>- transport in the gastrointestinal tract of the dogfish shark (<i>Squalus acanthias</i>): the influence of feeding","OrigTitleLangCode":"en","OrigTitleLangCodeExtended":"eng","OrigTitleLangID":15,"DateLastModified":{"date":"2026-04-21 01:32:00.608570","timezone_type":1,"timezone":"+02:00"},"UserAccessRight":null,"UserAccID":null,"AuthorKeywords":"Cardiac stomach; Pyloric stomach; Spiral valve; Gut sac","OtherDescriptors":null,"Notes":null,"AnaPub":2013,"MonPub":null,"DateUpdate":"2016-06-12","DateCreate":"2013-05-17","SecASFANote":null,"ConfID":null,"PeerRev":1,"VlizCoreFlag":1,"WoScode":"WOS:000319117400022","VABBcode":null,"OpenAcc":0,"DOI":"10.1242/jeb.082313"},"refs":null,"anarec":{"AnaID":225654,"PubliDate":2013,"Pagination":"2063-2072","XtraPublOfAnaID":null,"ISBN":null,"Volume":"216","Issue":"11","BRefMon":null,"BRefMonRR":null,"BRefXtra":null,"BRefXtraRR":null,"SerBRefID":43227,"SerRR":"The Journal of Experimental Biology. Cambridge University Press: London.  ISSN 0022-0949; e-ISSN 1477-9145","StandardTitleSer":"The Journal of Experimental Biology","ISSN":"0022-0949","AbbrevSer":"J. Exp. 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