{"refrec":{"BRefID":228513,"RR":"<b>Evans, S.M.; Hunter, J.E.; Wahju, E.; Wahju, R.I.</b> (1994). Composition and fate of the catch and bycatch in the Farne Deep (North Sea) <i>Nephrops</i> fishery. <i>ICES J. Mar. Sci./J. Cons. int. Explor. Mer 51(2)</i>: 155-168. <a href=\"http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jmsc.1994.1017\" target=\"_blank\">http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jmsc.1994.1017</a>","BEntID":220230,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":0,"wosflag":1,"vabbflag":null,"RefStringPartII":". <i>ICES J. Mar. Sci./J. Cons. int. Explor. Mer 51(2)</i>: 155-168. <a href=\"http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jmsc.1994.1017\" target=\"_blank\">http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jmsc.1994.1017</a>","DocTypID":8,"DocType":"Journal article","MarineFlag":1,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"Evans, S.M.; Hunter, J.E.; Wahju, E.; Wahju, R.I.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"Evans, S.M. <i>et al.</i>","Englishabstract":"Landings of <em>Nephrops</em> in the North Sea Farne Deep <em>Nephrops</em> fishery represented only 12% of the original catch by weight. The bycatch included 34 species of fish and 23 invertebrate taxa, as well as undersized and unmarketable <em>Nephrops</em>. There were small landings of lemon sole, plaice, whiting, cod, haddock, and starry ray, but the large majority of the bycatch was of juvenile fish or species of no commercial value and they were discarded. Survival of discarded <em>Nephrops</em> and fish was probably minimal. The discards were usually on deck for several hours before they were thrown overboard, by which time the large majority of fish and a high proportion of <em>Nephrops</em> were dead. <em>Nephrops</em> and some fish sank when they were returned to seawater, but other species of fish floated on the surface. In all cases, seabirds   took the majority of discards (<70%) when they were thrown overboard. Those <em>Nephrops</em> landing on the seafloor alive are likely to have suffered further mortality because: (1) the bycatch was often discarded distant from the fishing grounds (i.e. the natural habitat), at places where conditions were probably unsuitable for their survival; (2) a high proportion of <em>Nephrops</em> was injured in the trawl and it is evident from laboratory tests that such injuries may cause death several day later; and (3) laboratory studies suggest that injured <em>Nephrops</em> may have difficulty re-establishing themselves on the seafloor because they compete unsuccessfully with conspecifics for food or shelter. There is concern that, in addition to the impact of the <em>Nephrops</em> fishery on stocks of <em>Nephrops</em> and the commercially important fish (especially whiting) which are caught in large numbers in the bycatch, it may have profound effects on the ecology of the seabed. The fishery effectively transfers organic matter from the seafloor to the surface of the sea, where most of it is removed for human food or by seabirds. Little of the fish or <em>Nephrops</em> catch returns to the seabed, dead or alive.","AbstractOtherLang":null,"BibLvlCode":"AS","StandardTitle":"Composition and fate of the catch and bycatch in the Farne Deep (North Sea) <i>Nephrops</i> fishery","OrigTitleLangCode":"en","OrigTitleLangCodeExtended":"eng","OrigTitleLangID":15,"DateLastModified":{"date":"2026-05-29 01:31:07.185935","timezone_type":1,"timezone":"+02:00"},"UserAccessRight":null,"UserAccID":null,"AuthorKeywords":"Discards; seabed ecology  ","OtherDescriptors":null,"Notes":null,"AnaPub":1994,"MonPub":null,"DateUpdate":"2013-09-27","DateCreate":"2013-09-05","SecASFANote":null,"ConfID":null,"PeerRev":1,"VlizCoreFlag":1,"WoScode":"WOS:A1994NZ76600003","VABBcode":null,"OpenAcc":1,"DOI":"10.1006/jmsc.1994.1017"},"refs":null,"anarec":{"AnaID":228513,"PubliDate":1994,"Pagination":"155-168","XtraPublOfAnaID":null,"ISBN":null,"Volume":"51","Issue":"2","BRefMon":null,"BRefMonRR":null,"BRefXtra":null,"BRefXtraRR":null,"SerBRefID":44710,"SerRR":"ICES Journal of Marine Science. 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