{"refrec":{"BRefID":230803,"RR":"<b>Liu, Q.X.; Doelman, A.; Rottschäfer, V.; de Jager, M.; Herman, P.M.J.; Rietkerk, M.; van de Koppel, J.</b> (2013). Phase separation explains a new class of self-organized spatial patterns in ecological systems. <i>Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 110(29)</i>: 11905-11910. <a href=\"http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1222339110\" target=\"_blank\">dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1222339110</a>","BEntID":222515,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":1,"wosflag":1,"vabbflag":1,"RefStringPartII":". <i>Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 110(29)</i>: 11905-11910. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1222339110\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1222339110</a>","DocTypID":8,"DocType":"Journal article","MarineFlag":0,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"Liu, Q.X.; Doelman, A.; Rottschäfer, V.; de Jager, M.; Herman, P.M.J.; Rietkerk, M.; van de Koppel, J.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"Liu, Q.X. <i>et al.</i>","Englishabstract":"The origin of regular spatial patterns in ecological systems has long fascinated researchers. Turing's activator-inhibitor principle is considered the central paradigm to explain such patterns. According to this principle, local activation combined with long-range inhibition of growth and survival is an essential prerequisite for pattern formation. Here, we show that the physical principle of phase separation, solely based on density-dependent movement by organisms, represents an alternative class of self-organized pattern formation in ecology. Using experiments with self-organizing mussel beds, we derive an empirical relation between the speed of animal movement and local animal density. By incorporating this relation in a partial differential equation, we demonstrate that this model corresponds mathematically to the wellknown Cahn-Hilliard equation for phase separation in physics. Finally, we show that the predicted patterns match those found both in field observations and in our experiments. Our results reveal a principle for ecological self-organization, where phase separation rather than activation and inhibition processes drives spatial pattern formation.","AbstractOtherLang":null,"BibLvlCode":"AS","StandardTitle":"Phase separation explains a new class of self-organized spatial patterns in ecological systems","OrigTitleLangCode":"en","OrigTitleLangCodeExtended":"eng","OrigTitleLangID":15,"DateLastModified":{"date":"2024-12-10 01:33:17.368041","timezone_type":1,"timezone":"+01:00"},"UserAccessRight":null,"UserAccID":null,"AuthorKeywords":"mussels; mathematical model; spatial self-organization; animal aggregation","OtherDescriptors":null,"Notes":null,"AnaPub":2013,"MonPub":null,"DateUpdate":"2014-07-04","DateCreate":"2013-12-01","SecASFANote":null,"ConfID":null,"PeerRev":1,"VlizCoreFlag":1,"WoScode":"WOS:000322086100059","VABBcode":null,"OpenAcc":1,"DOI":"10.1073/pnas.1222339110"},"refs":null,"anarec":{"AnaID":230803,"PubliDate":2013,"Pagination":"11905-11910","XtraPublOfAnaID":null,"ISBN":null,"Volume":"110","Issue":"29","BRefMon":null,"BRefMonRR":null,"BRefXtra":null,"BRefXtraRR":null,"SerBRefID":43690,"SerRR":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 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