{"refrec":{"BRefID":231100,"RR":"<b>King, B.; Stone, M.; Zhang, H.P.; Gerkema, T.; Marder, M.; Scott, R.B.; Swinney, H.L.</b> (2012). Buoyancy frequency profiles and internal semidiurnal tide turning depths in the oceans. <i>J. Geophys. Res. 117</i>. <a href=\"http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2011JC007681\" target=\"_blank\">dx.doi.org/10.1029/2011JC007681</a>","BEntID":222812,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":1,"wosflag":1,"vabbflag":1,"RefStringPartII":". <i>J. Geophys. Res. 117</i>. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2011JC007681\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2011JC007681</a>","DocTypID":8,"DocType":"Journal article","MarineFlag":0,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"King, B.; Stone, M.; Zhang, H.P.; Gerkema, T.; Marder, M.; Scott, R.B.; Swinney, H.L.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"King, B. <i>et al.</i>","Englishabstract":"We examine the possible existence of internal gravity wave \"turning depths,\" depths below which the local buoyancy frequency N(z) becomes smaller than the wave frequency. At a turning depth, incident gravity waves reflect rather than reaching the ocean bottom as is generally assumed. Here we consider internal gravity waves at the lunar semidiurnal (M-2) tidal frequency, omega(M2). Profiles of N-2(z) (the quantity in the equations of motion) are computed using conductivity, temperature, and depth data obtained in the World Ocean Circulation Experiment (WOCE). Values for N-2(z) computed using Gibbs SeaWater routines in two thermodynamically equivalent expressions for N-2(z) are found to yield values that are in excellent accord but differ significantly from N-2(z) computed from often-used but inexact expressions that involve potential density. Uncertainties in N-2(z) are estimated using a Monte Carlo method, where the data are averaged over a range in depth (80-200 m), which is determined by minimizing a cost function. Our principal result, reached from an analysis of all 18,000 WOCE casts, is that turning depths are common for zonal (east-west propagating) internal tides in the deep oceans. Inclusion of the full Coriolis effect (i.e., not making the so-called Traditional Approximation) leads to the conclusion that turning depths cannot occur for meridional and near-meridional internal tides, but the 'non-traditional' component has little impact on turning depths for internal tides that are near-zonal (i.e., propagating within about 30 degrees of the east-west direction) at low and midlatitudes.","AbstractOtherLang":null,"BibLvlCode":"AS","StandardTitle":"Buoyancy frequency profiles and internal semidiurnal tide turning depths in the oceans","OrigTitleLangCode":"en","OrigTitleLangCodeExtended":"eng","OrigTitleLangID":15,"DateLastModified":{"date":"2024-12-10 01:33:17.368041","timezone_type":1,"timezone":"+01:00"},"UserAccessRight":null,"UserAccID":null,"AuthorKeywords":null,"OtherDescriptors":null,"Notes":null,"AnaPub":2012,"MonPub":null,"DateUpdate":"2014-06-06","DateCreate":"2013-12-01","SecASFANote":null,"ConfID":null,"PeerRev":1,"VlizCoreFlag":1,"WoScode":"WOS:000302495900002","VABBcode":null,"OpenAcc":1,"DOI":"10.1029/2011JC007681"},"refs":null,"anarec":{"AnaID":231100,"PubliDate":2012,"Pagination":null,"XtraPublOfAnaID":null,"ISBN":null,"Volume":"117","Issue":null,"BRefMon":null,"BRefMonRR":null,"BRefXtra":null,"BRefXtraRR":null,"SerBRefID":90908,"SerRR":"Journal of Geophysical Research. American Geophysical Union: Richmond.  ISSN 0148-0227; e-ISSN 2156-2202","StandardTitleSer":"Journal of Geophysical Research","ISSN":"0148-0227","AbbrevSer":"J. Geophys. 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