{"refrec":{"BRefID":234050,"RR":"<b>Kender, S.; Yu, J.; Peck, V.L.</b> (2014). Deep ocean carbonate ion increase during mid Miocene CO<sub>2</sub> decline. <i>NPG Scientific Reports 4(4187)</i>: 6 pp. <a href=\"http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep04187\" target=\"_blank\">http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep04187</a>","BEntID":225734,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":1,"wosflag":1,"vabbflag":1,"RefStringPartII":". <i>NPG Scientific Reports 4(4187)</i>: 6 pp. <a href=\"http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep04187\" target=\"_blank\">http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep04187</a>","DocTypID":8,"DocType":"Journal article","MarineFlag":1,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"Kender, S.; Yu, J.; Peck, V.L.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"Kender, S. <i>et al.</i>","Englishabstract":"Characterised by long term cooling and abrupt ice sheet expansion on Antarctica ~14 Ma ago, the mid Miocene marked the beginning of the modern ice-house world, yet there is still little consensus on its causes, in part because carbon cycle dynamics are not well constrained. In particular, changes in carbonate ion concentration ([CO32-]) in the ocean, the largest carbon reservoir of the ocean-land-atmosphere system, are poorly resolved. We use benthic foraminiferal B/Ca ratios to reconstruct relative changes in [CO32-] from the South Atlantic, East Pacific, and Southern Oceans. Our results suggest an increase of perhaps ~40 µmol/kg may have occurred between ~15 and 14 Ma in intermediate to deep waters in each basin. This long-term increase suggests elevated alkalinity input, perhaps from the Himalaya, rather than other shorter-term mechanisms such as ocean circulation or ecological changes, and may account for some of the proposed atmospheric CO2 decline before ~14 Ma.","AbstractOtherLang":null,"BibLvlCode":"AS","StandardTitle":"Deep ocean carbonate ion increase during mid Miocene CO<sub>2</sub> decline","OrigTitleLangCode":"en","OrigTitleLangCodeExtended":"eng","OrigTitleLangID":15,"DateLastModified":{"date":"2026-06-15 01:32:37.971053","timezone_type":1,"timezone":"+02:00"},"UserAccessRight":null,"UserAccID":null,"AuthorKeywords":null,"OtherDescriptors":null,"Notes":null,"AnaPub":2014,"MonPub":null,"DateUpdate":"2018-02-13","DateCreate":"2014-03-11","SecASFANote":null,"ConfID":null,"PeerRev":1,"VlizCoreFlag":1,"WoScode":"WOS:000331888400002","VABBcode":null,"OpenAcc":1,"DOI":"10.1038/srep04187"},"refs":null,"anarec":{"AnaID":234050,"PubliDate":2014,"Pagination":"6 pp","XtraPublOfAnaID":null,"ISBN":null,"Volume":"4","Issue":"4187","BRefMon":null,"BRefMonRR":null,"BRefXtra":null,"BRefXtraRR":null,"SerBRefID":208093,"SerRR":"Scientific Reports (Nature Publishing Group). 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