{"refrec":{"BRefID":238386,"RR":"<b>Alfoldy, B.; Loov, J.B.; Lagler, F.; Mellqvist, J.; Berg, N.; Beecken, J.; Weststrate, H.; Duyzer, J.; Bencs, L.; Horemans, B.; Cavalli, F.; Putaud, J.P.; Janssens-Maenhout, G.; Csordas, A.P.; Van Grieken, R.; Borowiak, A.; Hjorth, J.</b> (2013). Measurements of air pollution emission factors for marine transportation in SECA. <i>AMT 6(7)</i>: 1777-1791. <a href=\"http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amt-6-1777-2013\" target=\"_blank\">dx.doi.org/10.5194/amt-6-1777-2013</a>","BEntID":230073,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":1,"wosflag":1,"vabbflag":1,"RefStringPartII":". <i>AMT 6(7)</i>: 1777-1791. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amt-6-1777-2013\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amt-6-1777-2013</a>","DocTypID":8,"DocType":"Journal article","MarineFlag":1,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"Alfoldy, B.; Loov, J.B.; Lagler, F.; Mellqvist, J.; Berg, N.; Beecken, J.; Weststrate, H.; Duyzer, J.; Bencs, L.; Horemans, B.; Cavalli, F.; Putaud, J.P.; Janssens-Maenhout, G.; Csordas, A.P.; Van Grieken, R.; Borowiak, A.; Hjorth, J.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"Alfoldy, B. <i>et al.</i>","Englishabstract":"The chemical composition of the plumes of seagoing ships was measured during a two week long measurement campaign in the port of Rotterdam, Hoek van Holland The Netherlands, in September 2009. Altogether, 497 ships were monitored and a statistical evaluation of emission factors (g kg<sup>-1</sup> fuel) was provided. The concerned main atmospheric components were SO<sub>2</sub>, NO<sub>2</sub>, NO<sub>x</sub> and the aerosol particle number. In addition, the elemental and water-soluble ionic composition of the emitted particulate matter was determined. Emission factors were expressed as a function of ship type, power and crankshaft rotational speed. The average SO<sub>2</sub> emission factor was found to be roughly half of what is allowed in sulphur emission control areas (16 vs. 30 g kg<sup>-1</sup> fuel), and exceedances of this limit were rarely registered. A significant linear relationship was observed between the SO<sub>2</sub> and particle number emission factors. The intercept of the regression line, 4.8 × 10<sup>15</sup> (kg fuel)<sup>-1</sup>, gives the average number of particles formed during the burning of 1 kg zero sulphur content fuel, while the slope, 2 × 10<sup>18</sup>, provides the average number of particles formed with 1 kg sulphur burnt with the fuel. Water-soluble ionic composition analysis of the aerosol samples from the plumes showed that ~144 g of particulate sulphate was emitted from 1 kg sulphur burnt with the fuel. The mass median diameter of sulphate particles estimated from the measurements was ~42 nm.","AbstractOtherLang":null,"BibLvlCode":"AS","StandardTitle":"Measurements of air pollution emission factors for marine transportation in SECA","OrigTitleLangCode":"en","OrigTitleLangCodeExtended":"eng","OrigTitleLangID":15,"DateLastModified":{"date":"2024-12-10 01:33:17.368041","timezone_type":1,"timezone":"+01:00"},"UserAccessRight":null,"UserAccID":null,"AuthorKeywords":null,"OtherDescriptors":null,"Notes":null,"AnaPub":2013,"MonPub":null,"DateUpdate":"2014-06-05","DateCreate":"2014-05-18","SecASFANote":null,"ConfID":null,"PeerRev":1,"VlizCoreFlag":1,"WoScode":"WOS:000322546800014","VABBcode":null,"OpenAcc":1,"DOI":"10.5194/amt-6-1777-2013"},"refs":null,"anarec":{"AnaID":238386,"PubliDate":2013,"Pagination":"1777-1791","XtraPublOfAnaID":null,"ISBN":null,"Volume":"6","Issue":"7","BRefMon":null,"BRefMonRR":null,"BRefXtra":null,"BRefXtraRR":null,"SerBRefID":238894,"SerRR":"Atmospheric Measurement Techniques. 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