{"refrec":{"BRefID":238630,"RR":"<b>Geilfus, N.-X.; Carnat, G.; Dieckmann, G.S.; Halden, N.; Nehrke, G.; Papakyriakou, T.; Tison, J.-L.; Delille, B.</b> (2013). First estimates of the contribution of CaCO<sub>3</sub> precipitation to the release of CO<sub>2</sub> to the atmosphere during young sea ice growth. <i>J. Geophys. Res. 118(1)</i>: 244-255. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2012JC007980\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2012JC007980</a>","BEntID":230317,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":1,"wosflag":1,"vabbflag":1,"RefStringPartII":". <i>J. Geophys. Res. 118(1)</i>: 244-255. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2012JC007980\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2012JC007980</a>","DocTypID":8,"DocType":"Journal article","MarineFlag":0,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"Geilfus, N.-X.; Carnat, G.; Dieckmann, G.S.; Halden, N.; Nehrke, G.; Papakyriakou, T.; Tison, J.-L.; Delille, B.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"Geilfus, N.-X. <i>et al.</i>","Englishabstract":"We report measurements of pH, total alkalinity, air-ice CO<sub>2</sub> fluxes (chamber method), and CaCO<sub>3</sub> content of frost flowers (FF) and thin landfast sea ice. As the temperature decreases, concentration of solutes in the brine skim increases. Along this gradual concentration process, some salts reach their solubility threshold and start precipitating. The precipitation of ikaite (CaCO<sub>3</sub>.6H<sub>2</sub>O) was confirmed in the FF and throughout the ice by Raman spectroscopy and X-ray analysis. The amount of ikaite precipitated was estimated to be 25?µmol?kg<sup>-1</sup> melted FF, in the FF and is shown to decrease from 19 to 15?µmol?kg<sup>-1</sup> melted ice in the upper part and at the bottom of the ice, respectively. CO<sub>2</sub> release due to precipitation of CaCO<sub>3</sub> is estimated to be 50?µmol?kg<sup>-1</sup> melted samples. The dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) normalized to a salinity of 10 exhibits significant depletion in the upper layer of the ice and in the FF. This DIC loss is estimated to be 2069?µmol?kg<sup>-1</sup> melted sample and corresponds to a CO<sub>2</sub> release from the ice to the atmosphere ranging from 20 to 40?mmol?m<sup>-2</sup>?d<sup>-1</sup>. This estimate is consistent with flux measurements of air-ice CO<sub>2</sub> exchange. Our measurements confirm previous laboratory findings that growing young sea ice acts as a source of CO<sub>2</sub> to the atmosphere. CaCO<sub>3</sub> precipitation during early ice growth appears to promote the release of CO<sub>2</sub> to the atmosphere; however, its contribution to the overall release by newly formed ice is most likely minor.","AbstractOtherLang":null,"BibLvlCode":"AS","StandardTitle":"First estimates of the contribution of CaCO<sub>3</sub> precipitation to the release of CO<sub>2</sub> to the atmosphere during young sea ice growth","OrigTitleLangCode":"en","OrigTitleLangCodeExtended":"eng","OrigTitleLangID":15,"DateLastModified":{"date":"2024-12-10 01:33:17.368041","timezone_type":1,"timezone":"+01:00"},"UserAccessRight":null,"UserAccID":null,"AuthorKeywords":null,"OtherDescriptors":null,"Notes":null,"AnaPub":2013,"MonPub":null,"DateUpdate":"2018-08-20","DateCreate":"2014-05-18","SecASFANote":null,"ConfID":null,"PeerRev":1,"VlizCoreFlag":1,"WoScode":"WOS:000317836100017","VABBcode":null,"OpenAcc":0,"DOI":"10.1029/2012JC007980"},"refs":null,"anarec":{"AnaID":238630,"PubliDate":2013,"Pagination":"244-255","XtraPublOfAnaID":null,"ISBN":null,"Volume":"118","Issue":"1","BRefMon":null,"BRefMonRR":null,"BRefXtra":null,"BRefXtraRR":null,"SerBRefID":90908,"SerRR":"Journal of Geophysical Research. 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