{"refrec":{"BRefID":238774,"RR":"<b>Carvalho, G.A.; Minnett, P.J.; Fleming, L.E.; Banzon, V.F.; Baringer, W.</b> (2010). Satellite remote sensing of harmful algal blooms: A new multi-algorithm method for detecting the Florida Red Tide (<i>Karenia brevis</i>). <i>Harmful Algae 9(5)</i>: 440-448. <a href=\"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.hal.2010.02.002\" target=\"_blank\">dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.hal.2010.02.002</a>","BEntID":230461,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":1,"wosflag":1,"vabbflag":null,"RefStringPartII":". <i>Harmful Algae 9(5)</i>: 440-448. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.hal.2010.02.002\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.hal.2010.02.002</a>","DocTypID":8,"DocType":"Journal article","MarineFlag":1,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"Carvalho, G.A.; Minnett, P.J.; Fleming, L.E.; Banzon, V.F.; Baringer, W.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"Carvalho, G.A. <i>et al.</i>","Englishabstract":"In a continuing effort to develop suitable methods for the surveillance of harmful algal blooms (HABs) of Karenia brevis using satellite radiometers, a new multi-algorithm method was developed to explore whether improvements in the remote-sensing detection of the Florida Red Tide was possible. A Hybrid Scheme was introduced that sequentially applies the optimized versions of two pre-existing satellite-based algorithms: an Empirical Approach (using water-leaving radiance as a function of chlorophyll concentration) and a Bio-optical Technique (using particulate backscatter along with chlorophyll concentration). The long-term evaluation of the new multi-algorithm method was performed using a multi-year MODIS dataset (2002–2006; during the boreal Summer–Fall periods – July–December) along the Central West Florida Shelf between 25.75°N and 28.25°N. Algorithm validation was done with in situ measurements of the abundances of K. brevis; cell counts =1.5 × 104 cells l-1 defined a detectable HAB. Encouraging statistical results were derived when either or both algorithms correctly flagged known samples. The majority of the valid match-ups were correctly identified (~80% of both HABs and non-blooming conditions) and few false negatives or false positives were produced (~20% of each). Additionally, most of the HAB-positive identifications in the satellite data were indeed HAB samples (positive predictive value: ~70%) and those classified as HAB-negative were almost all non-bloom cases (negative predictive value: ~86%). These results demonstrate an excellent detection capability, on average ~10% more accurate than the individual algorithms used separately. Thus, the new Hybrid Scheme could become a powerful tool for environmental monitoring of K. brevis blooms, with valuable consequences including leading to the more rapid and efficient use of ships to make in situ measurements of HABs.","AbstractOtherLang":null,"BibLvlCode":"AS","StandardTitle":"Satellite remote sensing of harmful algal blooms: A new multi-algorithm method for detecting the Florida Red Tide (<i>Karenia brevis</i>)","OrigTitleLangCode":"en","OrigTitleLangCodeExtended":"eng","OrigTitleLangID":15,"DateLastModified":{"date":"2024-12-10 01:33:17.368041","timezone_type":1,"timezone":"+01:00"},"UserAccessRight":null,"UserAccID":null,"AuthorKeywords":"    Algorithm development;     Central West Florida Shelf (Gulf of Mexico);     Detection;     Florida Red Tide (Karenia brevis);     Harmful algal bloom (HAB);     Hybrid Scheme;     Ocean color (MODIS-Aqua);     Satellite remote sensing","OtherDescriptors":null,"Notes":null,"AnaPub":2010,"MonPub":null,"DateUpdate":"2014-06-02","DateCreate":"2014-05-27","SecASFANote":null,"ConfID":null,"PeerRev":1,"VlizCoreFlag":1,"WoScode":"WOS:000279305900002","VABBcode":null,"OpenAcc":0,"DOI":"10.1016/j.hal.2010.02.002"},"refs":null,"anarec":{"AnaID":238774,"PubliDate":2010,"Pagination":"440-448","XtraPublOfAnaID":null,"ISBN":null,"Volume":"9","Issue":"5","BRefMon":null,"BRefMonRR":null,"BRefXtra":null,"BRefXtraRR":null,"SerBRefID":45642,"SerRR":"Harmful Algae. 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