{"refrec":{"BRefID":241344,"RR":"<b>de la Mare, W.; Gales, N.; Mangel, M.</b> (2014). Applying scientific principles in International Law on Whaling. <i>Science (Wash.) 345(6201)</i>: 1125-1126. <a href=\"http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1254616\" target=\"_blank\">http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1254616</a>","BEntID":233043,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":1,"wosflag":1,"vabbflag":1,"RefStringPartII":". <i>Science (Wash.) 345(6201)</i>: 1125-1126. <a href=\"http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1254616\" target=\"_blank\">http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1254616</a>","DocTypID":8,"DocType":"Journal article","MarineFlag":1,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"de la Mare, W.; Gales, N.; Mangel, M.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"de la Mare, W. <i>et al.</i>","Englishabstract":"In March 2014, the International Court of Justice (ICJ), the principal judicial organ of the United Nations, ruled that a Japanese whaling program in the Antarctic, ostensibly for scientific purposes, was not sufficiently research-oriented and thus was illegal (1). The ICJ's critical assessment represents the first time that scientific whaling has been reviewed by an authoritative body outside the International Whaling Commission (IWC). With Japan considering a replacement program, and the IWC meeting later this month, we discuss minimum realistic actions the IWC should take in response to the ICJ judgment. More broadly, we believe the approach used by the ICJ in reaching its judgment provides a precedent for how arbitrators might assess scientific principles when resolving complex technical disputes. 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